Podcast
Questions and Answers
What percentage range of the construction cost for concrete framed buildings is typically attributed to formwork?
What percentage range of the construction cost for concrete framed buildings is typically attributed to formwork?
- 30 to 70% (correct)
- 10 to 20%
- 5 to 15%
- 50 to 90%
Which equipment resources are considered major components in the production array on construction sites?
Which equipment resources are considered major components in the production array on construction sites?
- Excavators, bulldozers, and compactors
- Welding machines, generators, and lighting equipment
- Forming systems, cranes, and concrete-placing equipment (correct)
- Surveying instruments, laser levels, and GPS systems
What aspect of forming systems makes their selection inseparable from the selection and operation of on-site cranes?
What aspect of forming systems makes their selection inseparable from the selection and operation of on-site cranes?
Who is primarily responsible for the planning aspects of forming systems, including selection, ordering, erection, stripping, and reuse?
Who is primarily responsible for the planning aspects of forming systems, including selection, ordering, erection, stripping, and reuse?
What are the primary procurement methods used by construction companies to obtain forming systems?
What are the primary procurement methods used by construction companies to obtain forming systems?
When evaluating and comparing different forming alternatives, what aspect is considered an essential part of the economic calculations?
When evaluating and comparing different forming alternatives, what aspect is considered an essential part of the economic calculations?
Which of the following best describes conventional formwork?
Which of the following best describes conventional formwork?
How does industrialized formwork differ from conventional formwork?
How does industrialized formwork differ from conventional formwork?
In a layered horizontal formwork system, what is the role of the 'shore'?
In a layered horizontal formwork system, what is the role of the 'shore'?
What is the primary factor considered when designing vertical formwork?
What is the primary factor considered when designing vertical formwork?
What defines 'gang forms' in the context of wall forming systems?
What defines 'gang forms' in the context of wall forming systems?
Which of the following is a characteristic of all-steel large-panel wall forms?
Which of the following is a characteristic of all-steel large-panel wall forms?
What is a key advantage of using a 'self-climbing' form system in vertical construction?
What is a key advantage of using a 'self-climbing' form system in vertical construction?
What role does the project engineer play in formwork management?
What role does the project engineer play in formwork management?
When designing formwork, what constitutes 'dead loads' on horizontal forms?
When designing formwork, what constitutes 'dead loads' on horizontal forms?
The lateral pressure of concrete on vertical forms is proportional to which two factors?
The lateral pressure of concrete on vertical forms is proportional to which two factors?
Which of these factors contributes to formwork failure?
Which of these factors contributes to formwork failure?
Which component in a vertical layered formwork system is responsible for maintaining the spacing between two opposing walls of the form?
Which component in a vertical layered formwork system is responsible for maintaining the spacing between two opposing walls of the form?
What is the main purpose of the sheathing in both horizontal and vertical layered formwork systems?
What is the main purpose of the sheathing in both horizontal and vertical layered formwork systems?
What is the primary function of the 'wales' in a vertical layered formwork system?
What is the primary function of the 'wales' in a vertical layered formwork system?
What is the role of 'stringers' and 'joists' respectively in a horizontal layered formwork?
What is the role of 'stringers' and 'joists' respectively in a horizontal layered formwork?
How can the economic efficiency of forming systems be improved?
How can the economic efficiency of forming systems be improved?
What is a key difference between 'large custom-made wall forms' and 'all-steel large-panel wall forms'?
What is a key difference between 'large custom-made wall forms' and 'all-steel large-panel wall forms'?
Considering the need to balance complexity with clarity, what is the most efficient strategy for designing medium-difficulty multiple-choice questions?
Considering the need to balance complexity with clarity, what is the most efficient strategy for designing medium-difficulty multiple-choice questions?
While creating distractors for multiple-choice questions, which strategy is most effective at accurately assessing a student's comprehension?
While creating distractors for multiple-choice questions, which strategy is most effective at accurately assessing a student's comprehension?
In order to uphold question integrity, what guidelines should be observed when constructing the stem for a multiple-choice question?
In order to uphold question integrity, what guidelines should be observed when constructing the stem for a multiple-choice question?
Why should multiple-choice options be mutually exclusive in well-designed questions?
Why should multiple-choice options be mutually exclusive in well-designed questions?
Following best practices in question design, how should the difficulty levels of choices be handled while designing multiple choice questions?
Following best practices in question design, how should the difficulty levels of choices be handled while designing multiple choice questions?
How do labor costs affect any selected system?
How do labor costs affect any selected system?
Flashcards
What is Formwork?
What is Formwork?
Temporary structure to contain concrete during pouring and hardening.
What are forming systems?
What are forming systems?
Forming systems are a major equipment resource.
Forming System Integration
Forming System Integration
Selection and use inseparable from cranes and concrete-placing equipment.
Engineer's Role in Forming
Engineer's Role in Forming
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Importance of Labor Costs
Importance of Labor Costs
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Conventional Formwork
Conventional Formwork
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Industrialized Formwork
Industrialized Formwork
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Horizontal Formwork Components
Horizontal Formwork Components
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Vertical Formwork Components
Vertical Formwork Components
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Vertical Formwork Design Factors
Vertical Formwork Design Factors
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Gang Forms
Gang Forms
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Loads on Horizontal Forms
Loads on Horizontal Forms
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Lateral Concrete Pressure
Lateral Concrete Pressure
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Study Notes
- Formwork accounts for 30 to 70% of the construction cost for concrete framed buildings
- It's an important component of the equipment used on construction projects
Forming Systems
- Forming systems, cranes, and concrete-placing equipment comprise the production array on construction sites.
- The selection and use of forming systems are inseparable from operation of on-site cranes and concrete-placing equipment
- Forming systems for slabs, walls, columns, and other repetitious concrete elements are designed and fabricated for many reuses
- The project engineer is involved with planning aspects like selection, ordering, erection, stripping, and reuse of forming systems
- Construction companies acquire systems by direct purchase or rentals
- Labor cost is an essential part of the economic calculations and comparison of forming alternatives.
Conventional Formwork
- Assembled in situ from standard elements for each use.
- It's disassembled after each use.
Industrialized Formwork
- Mostly factory-fabricated products
- Used many times as one unit without disassembly for each use
Formwork: A layered system (horizontal)
- The elements include sheathing, joist, stringer and shore
Formwork: A layered system (vertical)
- The elements include sheathing, stud, wale and tie.
Vertical systems
- Vertical formwork is designed based on the rate of placement and the resulting liquid concrete pressure and timing of initial set
Wall Forms
- Gang forms are several unit-forms attached together, or a single large form
- Moved into position by crane because sections are too heavy to set by hand
- Large custom-made wall forms are implemented for some projects
- Wall form systems can include main work platform and upper concreting platform
- Self-climbing (crane-free) form systems also exist
Formwork and the project engineer
- Management, and the formwork supplier are essential for the execution of formwork
Formwork Design
- Vertical loads on horizontal forms include dead and live loads
- Dead loads include freshly placed concrete, rebar, and the self-weight of forms
- Live loads include laborers, equipment, and materials
- Lateral pressure of concrete on vertical forms exerts a horizontal pressure proportional to the density and depth of the concrete in a liquid or semi-liquid state
- Failures can occur due to the poor formwork design being implemented
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