Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary principle behind the use of the polygraph in detecting deception?
What is the primary principle behind the use of the polygraph in detecting deception?
Which of the following is a notable feature of malingering research?
Which of the following is a notable feature of malingering research?
What is a significant issue related to lineup procedures that can affect identification accuracy?
What is a significant issue related to lineup procedures that can affect identification accuracy?
What stage was added at the start of the traditional memory stages in eyewitness testimonies?
What stage was added at the start of the traditional memory stages in eyewitness testimonies?
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Which interviewing technique is specifically designed to facilitate communication with children?
Which interviewing technique is specifically designed to facilitate communication with children?
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Which model of malingering has received empirical support?
Which model of malingering has received empirical support?
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What method is often used to aid eyewitness memory during interviews?
What method is often used to aid eyewitness memory during interviews?
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What type of child maltreatment involves failure to provide basic needs?
What type of child maltreatment involves failure to provide basic needs?
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How can lineup bias influence eyewitness identification?
How can lineup bias influence eyewitness identification?
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Which of the following factors does NOT affect the retrieval of memory in eyewitness testimonies?
Which of the following factors does NOT affect the retrieval of memory in eyewitness testimonies?
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Which protocol is geared specifically towards enhancing the accuracy of interviews with child victims?
Which protocol is geared specifically towards enhancing the accuracy of interviews with child victims?
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What is one common characteristic of behavioral cues used in detecting deception?
What is one common characteristic of behavioral cues used in detecting deception?
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What is the primary focus of thermal imaging in lie detection?
What is the primary focus of thermal imaging in lie detection?
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What is one common effect of physical abuse in children?
What is one common effect of physical abuse in children?
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In lineup procedures, what is a potential risk of using video surveillance?
In lineup procedures, what is a potential risk of using video surveillance?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of suggestibility in children?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of suggestibility in children?
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What is one characteristic that can affect the impartiality of a jury?
What is one characteristic that can affect the impartiality of a jury?
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Which phase comes after the jury has listened to the evidence?
Which phase comes after the jury has listened to the evidence?
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Which demographic factor is noted for predicting a jury's verdict?
Which demographic factor is noted for predicting a jury's verdict?
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What type of approach is formulated for jury selection that considers the specifics of a case?
What type of approach is formulated for jury selection that considers the specifics of a case?
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Which of the following terms is closely associated with the factors that influence jury decision-making?
Which of the following terms is closely associated with the factors that influence jury decision-making?
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What is a significant myth surrounding psychopathy?
What is a significant myth surrounding psychopathy?
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What is one factor that is NOT typically measured in psychopathy assessments?
What is one factor that is NOT typically measured in psychopathy assessments?
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Which statement about the causes of psychopathy is false?
Which statement about the causes of psychopathy is false?
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Study Notes
Forensic Psychology- Unit 6: Deception
- Polygraph methods previously used included dry rice powder to detect anxiety.
- William Marston's polygraph followed a similar concept detecting physiological changes as indicative of deception.
- Polygraph tests measure physiological changes like respiration, heart rate, and sweating.
- Polygraphs are not lie detectors.
- Can be used in criminal investigations, to verify claims (in insurance for example), and in pre-employment screening.
- Different types of polygraph tests exist, including relevant/irrelevant and comparison question tests.
- Relevant/irrelevant tests compare physiological responses to relevant vs. irrelevant crime related questions.
- Comparison tests use comparative questions, irrelevant questions, and relevant questions.
- These tests aim to gauge if physiological responses are stronger for relevant compared to irrelevant questions which indicates possible deception.
Forensic Psychology- Unit 7: Eyewitness Testimonies
- Eyewitness testimonies are malleable and can be reshaped and reconstructed
- Memory can change without conscious awareness.
- Repeated processing can lead to memory changes through multiple interviews, or exposure to media accounts etc
- Encoding, storage and retrieval are stages in memory, not all information goes through all these stages
- Factors affecting perception such as stress, surprise etc can distort memory accuracy.
Forensic Psychology- Unit 7: Eyewitness Testimony- Memory Issues
- Memory is likened to a crime scene which is why it shouldn't be disturbed as too many changes will happen
- Memory malleability means that memory changes occur even without direct manipulation of the recall.
- Source misattribution: recalling event you heard about as something you experienced
Forensic Psychology- Unit 8: Child Victims and Witnesses
- Historical views on child witnesses have adjusted over time (from being seen as unreliable and prone to suggestion to being considered valid sources)
- Concerns about suggestibility in young children
- Interview techniques have changed.
- Specific techniques like the use of dolls and other visual aids, and step-wise interview procedures, are meant to improve memory recall.
- Important for professionals to be aware of ways to minimize suggestion.
Forensic Psychology- Unit 9: Juries- The Purpose of a Jury
- Juries apply the law to the facts of a case
- Prevent out-of-date laws by allowing juries to use their conscience
- Act as a community conscience
- Used in summary, indictable and hybrid offenses.
Forensic Psychology- Unit 9: Juries- Jury Selection
- Lawyer's can use scientific jury selection in US (questioning potential jury members)
- Jury selection in Canada is more restricted; lawyers cannot question jurors.
- A potential juror can be challenged (struck) for cause given reason(s) as to why they can't be fair.
### Forensic Psychology- Unit 9: Juries- Impartiality
- Jurors must be impartial.
- Pre-trial publicity can affect juror impartiality.
- Publication bans may be used to prevent jurors from being exposed to potentially biasing information
- Change of venue is an option
Forensic Psychology- Unit 9: Juries- Jury Deliberations
- Majority vs unanimous verdicts.
- Note taking during jury deliberation.
Forensic Psychology- Unit 10: Psychopathy
- Psychopathy is a personality disorder characterised by traits such as superficial charm, grandiosity, and lack of remorse or empathy.
- Traits include conning manipulative behavior, lack of remorse, and disregard for social rules.
- Psychopathy linked to criminal activity
- There are different measures and assessments of psychopathy: the semi-structured Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) and the Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised (PPI-R).
- Research on psychopathy has shown gender disparities (more common in men).
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Description
Explore the intricacies of deception detection in forensic psychology through polygraph testing. Learn about the physiological measures used and the different types of polygraph tests, including relevant/irrelevant and comparison questions. This unit highlights the limitations of polygraphs and their applications in various fields such as criminal investigations and employment screening.
