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Questions and Answers
What was the outcome of the case influenced by Julian Varendonck's testimony?
What was the outcome of the case influenced by Julian Varendonck's testimony?
What was the focus of William Moulton Marston's pioneering research on the jury system?
What was the focus of William Moulton Marston's pioneering research on the jury system?
What was the significance of the landmark case Frye v. U.S. (1923)?
What was the significance of the landmark case Frye v. U.S. (1923)?
What was a key finding of William Moulton Marston's research on jury decision-making?
What was a key finding of William Moulton Marston's research on jury decision-making?
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What was the primary contribution of Louis Brandeis in the case Muller v. Oregon (1908)?
What was the primary contribution of Louis Brandeis in the case Muller v. Oregon (1908)?
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What was the primary focus of James McKeen Cattell's early research in forensic psychology?
What was the primary focus of James McKeen Cattell's early research in forensic psychology?
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Who is credited with testifying in a German sexual assault case in 1911, leading to the teacher's exoneration?
Who is credited with testifying in a German sexual assault case in 1911, leading to the teacher's exoneration?
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What year did the American Psychological Association (APA) recognize forensic psychology as a specialty?
What year did the American Psychological Association (APA) recognize forensic psychology as a specialty?
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What was the primary contribution of William Stern to forensic psychology?
What was the primary contribution of William Stern to forensic psychology?
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What is the current scope of forensic psychology, according to the Specialty Guidelines?
What is the current scope of forensic psychology, according to the Specialty Guidelines?
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Study Notes
Early Roots of Forensic Psychology
- Wilhelm Wundt founded the first psychology lab in Germany in 1879, marking the origin of forensic psychology.
- Experts in the field have contributed significantly to its growth since then.
Psychology of Testimony
- James McKeen Cattell conducted early research on eyewitness testimony, revealing inaccuracies and raising questions about its validity in court.
- Alfred Binet's work in intelligence testing and William Stern's study of witness recall further shaped forensic psychology.
Legal Applications
- Psychologists began acting as expert witnesses in criminal trials in Europe.
- Hugo Munsterberg advocated for psychology's practical use in legal matters, and Lewis Terman applied psychology to law enforcement.
Modern Scope of Forensic Psychology
- Forensic psychology, recognized as a specialty by the APA in 2001, extends beyond clinical assessments to provide expertise across diverse legal contexts.
- The APA recognized forensic psychology as a specialty in 2001, emphasizing clinical aspects.
- The Specialty Guidelines take a broader view, encompassing research on human behavior related to the legal process.
Forensic Psychology in Early Court Cases
- In 1911, Karl Marbe testified in a German sexual assault case, convincing the jury that the girls' statements were unreliable, leading to the teacher's exoneration.
- In 1911, psychologists testified in a Belgian murder trial, where Julian Varendonck's findings revealed inaccuracies in child witnesses' recall of crucial events.
- Varendonck's work marked the formal introduction of psychology of testimony into court proceedings, potentially saving a man's life.
William Moulton Marston: A Pioneer in Forensic Psychology
- William Moulton Marston discovered a positive correlation between systolic blood pressure and lying, laying the foundation for the modern polygraph.
- Marston testified in the landmark case Frye v. U.S. (1923), establishing the original standard for expert testimony acceptance in federal courts.
- Marston's significant contributions to forensic psychology include his work in lie detection, consulting with legal professionals, and conducting pioneering research on the jury system.
Forensic Psychology in Legal Cases
- Louis Brandeis submitted a social science brief arguing for limited work hours for women based on empirical data in the case Muller v. Oregon (1908).
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Description
This quiz covers the historical development of forensic psychology, from its early roots to contributions from experts in the field, including Wilhelm Wundt, James McKeen Cattell, Alfred Binet, and more.
