57 Questions
Which lens within the Australian legal system focuses on the interpretation and application of laws, legal principles, and precedents to resolve disputes and make legal decisions?
Legal adjudication lens
What is the main emphasis of the scientific scholarship lens within the Australian legal system?
Empirical evidence and data analysis
What do legal scholars in Australia contribute to through their examination of the development, interpretation, and impact of laws and legal systems?
Advancement of legal knowledge and understanding
Which of the following is NOT an applied sub-discipline of psychology mentioned in the text?
Cognitive psychology
What is a common characteristic shared by the development of all sub-disciplines of psychology mentioned in the text?
They all have dedicated research laboratories
What is one of the main challenges faced during the development of forensic psychology?
Debate regarding the scope of the field
Which model proposed a narrow focus on the rehabilitation of offenders within the field of forensic psychology?
Clinical-criminal model
Which model advocated for the use of all psychological specializations to assist with any broadly defined legal issue?
Experimental-justice model
Which lens within forensic psychology focuses on criminal law, civil law, and constitutional issues?
Forensic lens
Which of the following is NOT an applied sub-discipline of psychology mentioned in the text?
Social psychology
What do legal scholars in Australia contribute to through their examination of the development, interpretation, and impact of laws and legal systems?
Deeper understanding of the law
Which lens within the Australian legal system focuses on the interpretation and application of laws, legal principles, and precedents to resolve disputes and make legal decisions?
Legal scholarship lens
Which lens within the Australian legal system focuses on fairness, justice, and consistency in legal decision-making?
Legal Adjudication
What is the main focus of legal scholars in Australia?
Academic research and analysis of legal issues, principles, and theories
What do legal scholars in Australia inform through their examination of the development, interpretation, and impact of laws and legal systems?
Legal discourse and legal practice
Which of the following is NOT an applied sub-discipline of psychology mentioned in the text?
Forensic psychology
What is the main focus of legal scholars in Australia?
Interpreting and applying laws
What is one of the main challenges faced during the development of forensic psychology?
Defining the scope of the field
Which lens is employed by legal scholars when examining the historical origins of topics such as insanity, competency, and witness reliability?
The legal scholarship lens
What is the primary focus of the legal adjudication lens within the Australian legal system?
Fairness and justice
According to Bartol and Bartol, what initiatives should be included in forensic psychology?
All of the above
Which lens is employed by forensic psychology researchers from many countries to examine the origin of forensic psychology?
The scientific scholarship lens
Which lens is commonly used to examine the historical origins of forensic psychology in Australia?
Scientific scholarship lens
What is the significance of the Court of Criminal Jurisdiction in the early history of forensic psychology in Australia?
It played a significant role in the development of forensic psychology
According to Bartol and Bartol, which initiatives should be included in forensic psychology?
All of the above
Which lens within the Australian legal system focuses on fairness, justice, and consistency in legal decision-making?
Legal adjudication lens
What is the main emphasis of the scientific scholarship lens within the Australian legal system?
Applied research and professional associations
Which of the following is NOT an applied sub-discipline of psychology mentioned in the text?
Forensic psychology
Which lens within the Australian legal system focuses on the interpretation and application of laws, legal principles, and precedents to resolve disputes and make legal decisions?
Legal adjudication lens
What is a common characteristic shared by the development of all sub-disciplines of psychology?
Debate over the definition and scope
What is the main focus of legal scholars in Australia?
Examining the development, interpretation, and impact of laws and legal systems
Which lens is employed by forensic psychology researchers from many countries to examine the origin of forensic psychology?
Scientific scholarship lens
Which court eventually replaced the Court of Criminal Jurisdiction in Australia?
Supreme Court of New South Wales
What is the foundational component of Common Law that refers to the mental state of a person when committing a crime?
Mens rea
Who ruled that a 7-year-old boy named John Wain was competent to provide testimony against a gang of bushrangers?
Judge Wylde
Who is credited with originating the forensic interest in eyewitness testimony?
Hugo Munsterberg
Who emphasized the importance of establishing both actus reus and mens rea in determining a defendant's culpability?
Coke
Who argued for a broader understanding of the history of forensic psychology in Australia, challenging the notion that it emerged only at a later date?
Monahan and Walker
Which lens is commonly used by judges to interpret and apply the law when making decisions in a legal case?
The legal adjudication lens
What is the main emphasis of the scientific scholarship lens within the field of forensic psychology?
Psychological aspects and contributions to the field
Which lens is used to trace the historical origins of topics like insanity, competency, and witness reliability?
The legal scholarship lens
What was the Court of Criminal Jurisdiction in the early period of British settlement in the Australian colonies?
The first criminal court in the Australian colonies
What was the jurisdiction of the Court of Criminal Jurisdiction in Australia?
Serious criminal offenses, including theft, assault, and murder
Under whose laws did the Court of Criminal Jurisdiction operate in Australia?
The laws of England
According to Ross, Jurden, Lindsay, and Keene, what factors are crucial in assessing the credibility of child witnesses?
Cognitive ability and honesty
Who was accused of raping Elizabeth Chapman?
Henry Wright
What was Henry Wright's sentence after being convicted of raping Elizabeth Chapman?
Life imprisonment
What was the purpose of Elizabeth Chapman's court appearance?
To assess her competency to testify
What was the outcome of Elizabeth Chapman's testimony in Henry Wright's case?
Conviction
What was Henry Wright's sentence commuted to?
Transportation to Norfolk Island
What was the purpose of the story of Henry Wright and Elizabeth Chapman?
To highlight the significance of early uses of sanity testing
What factors did Ross, Jurden, Lindsay, and Keene argue were crucial in determining the reliability of a child witness's testimony?
Cognitive ability and honesty
Which of the following best describes the difference between narrow and broad definitions of forensic psychology?
Narrow definitions focus on clinical aspects while broad definitions encompass both clinical and experimental aspects
Which type of forensic psychologists are primarily interested in mental health issues as they pertain to the law?
Clinical forensic psychologists
What does the phrase 'psychology and the law' refer to?
The use of psychology to study the operation of the legal system
What were some of the early research areas in forensic psychology?
Eyewitness testimony and suggestibility
How is forensic psychology currently viewed as a discipline?
As a distinct and specialized discipline
Study Notes
Australian Legal System
- The doctrinal lens within the Australian legal system focuses on the interpretation and application of laws, legal principles, and precedents to resolve disputes and make legal decisions.
- The socio-legal lens focuses on fairness, justice, and consistency in legal decision-making.
Forensic Psychology
- Forensic psychology is a sub-discipline of psychology that focuses on the intersection of psychology and the law.
- The scientific scholarship lens within forensic psychology examines the development, interpretation, and impact of laws and legal systems.
- The main challenges faced during the development of forensic psychology include its early beginnings, lack of recognition, and few training opportunities.
- The rehabilitation model proposed a narrow focus on the rehabilitation of offenders within forensic psychology.
- The comprehensive model advocated for the use of all psychological specializations to assist with any broadly defined legal issue.
- The psycho-legal lens focuses on criminal law, civil law, and constitutional issues within forensic psychology.
- Forensic psychologists often face the challenge of applying psychological principles to the legal system.
History of Forensic Psychology in Australia
- The Court of Criminal Jurisdiction played a significant role in the early history of forensic psychology in Australia.
- The Court of Criminal Jurisdiction eventually replaced by the Supreme Court of New South Wales.
- The foundational component of Common Law that refers to the mental state of a person when committing a crime is mens rea.
- John Wain, a 7-year-old boy, was deemed competent to provide testimony against a gang of bushrangers.
Key Figures
- Hugo Münsterberg is credited with originating the forensic interest in eyewitness testimony.
- Edward Coke emphasized the importance of establishing both actus reus and mens rea in determining a defendant's culpability.
Child Witnesses
- Ross, Jurden, Lindsay, and Keene argued that the credibility of child witnesses depend on factors such as the child's age, cognitive development, and the presence of support figures during the testimony.
Henry Wright and Elizabeth Chapman Case
- Henry Wright was accused of raping Elizabeth Chapman, and Elizabeth's court appearance was to testify against him.
- Henry Wright was convicted and sentenced to death, but his sentence was commuted to life imprisonment.
Note: Some questions were duplicates, and I removed them to provide a concise summary.
Test your knowledge on the scientific scholarship lens in the Australian legal system. Explore the application of rigorous scientific methods, empirical evidence, and data analysis in studying legal issues. Discover how legal scholars use this lens to generate new knowledge and test hypotheses.
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