Forensic Identification Methods

A technique used to identify individuals based on unique DNA characteristics.

The formation of DNA consisting of two strands twisted together.

The part of the DNA molecule that contains the instructions for building proteins.

Regions of DNA that do not code for proteins but have repeating sequences.

The potential for unwanted DNA to mix with samples during analysis.

Protocols established to prevent contamination during DNA handling.

Techniques used to identify individuals based on their walking patterns.

The analysis of facial features from images or video for identification.

Pre-adolescent stage for both boys and girls, showing no sexual characteristics.

Boys show scrotum changes and slight penis enlargement, indicating early puberty.

Breast bud development occurs in girls, marking the start of puberty.

Boys experience longer penis and larger testes without nipple contour separation.

Breasts grow larger but without defined contour, and begins to darken and coarsen pubic hair.

Penis increases in breadth, and the scrotum darkens; fathered changes continue.

Breasts have mature type with areola and pilla projecting from secondary mound; menarche usually starts.

Adult size and development achieved in both boys and girls, with fully mature sexual characteristics.

The process of identifying and photographing deceased individuals for investigation.

The procedures followed to assist investigations and establish cause of death.

Using DNA and personal clues to approximate the age of an individual.

Criteria set by the Identification Commission to confirm an individual’s identity.

A person who helps communicate between investigators and the deceased's family.

Items such as fingerprints, DNA, or dental records used to verify identity.

Assessment by trained professionals to establish age or identity based on social factors.

Age assessment performed by a qualified clinician, often for living individuals.

Equations used to estimate the height of individuals based on skeletal measurements.

A method to estimate the age of an individual based on their dental development.

Determination of an individual's sex using measurements of teeth.

Study of skull shape to identify ancestry and sex differences.

A technique to amplify DNA using multiple specific primers for analysis.

Established benchmarks for monitoring physical development in children.

Assessment of skeletal development to determine maturity level.

Dental records kept prior to death used for identification post-mortem.

The process of determining the identity of a person using various features such as tattoos and scars.

Unique markings on the skin that can aid in identifying individuals when found on remains.

High-quality images are crucial for confirming identities through visible features post-mortem.

Marks left from surgical procedures that can be significant for identification.

Features related to a person's ethnicity or race that may help in identifying individuals.

Human remains that have broken down over time and may need specialized methods for identification.

Medical experts who aid in identifying remains through analysis of body structure and cause of death.

Using medical imaging from before death to assist in confirming identity after death.

The process of estimating an individual's height using various methods, such as cranial metrics.

Measurements taken from the skull to help estimate demographics like ancestry and stature.

Methods used to determine the age of individuals, particularly through dental and skeletal analysis.

Using radiographs to assess the age of adults based on skeletal features.

The study of juvenile skeletal remains to understand growth and development stages.

A measurement used to estimate age based on the length of a person's permanent teeth.

The process of bone formation in the clavicle, used as a timeline marker for age estimation.

Variations in physical developments during puberty that can indicate age and maturity.

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