Forces and Elasticity Flashcards

Questions and Answers

How may the shape of an object be changed?

Stretching, bending, or compressing.

Why must more than one force be applied to change the shape of a stationary object by stretching, bending or compressing?

Because a single force would simply cause the object to move in the direction in which the force is applied.

What is the difference between elastic and inelastic deformation?

Elastic deformation returns to original shape when load is removed; inelastic deformation does not.

Give an example of an elastic object.

A spring. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the extension of an elastic object and the force applied to it?

The extension is directly proportional to the force applied, within the limit of proportionality. Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula linking force, the spring constant and extension or compression?

F = k * x Signup and view all the answers

What are the units of force?

Newtons Signup and view all the answers

What are the units of the spring constant?

Newtons per meter Signup and view all the answers

What are the units of extension or compression?

Meters Signup and view all the answers

Describe the energy transfer involved when a force stretches or compresses a spring.

When a force stretches or compresses a spring, it does work on the spring and energy is transferred mechanically to the elastic potential energy store. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the difference between a linear and non-linear relationship between force and extension.

In a linear relationship, force and extension are directly proportional; in a non-linear relationship, they are not. Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula linking elastic potential energy, the spring constant, and extension, provided that the limit of proportionality is not exceeded?

E = 1/2 k x^2 Signup and view all the answers

What are the units of elastic potential energy?

Joules Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Changing Shape of Objects

Shape of an object can change through stretching, bending, or compressing.

Forces and Stationary Objects

More than one force is needed to change the shape of a stationary object; a single force will only cause movement in the applied direction.

Deformation Types

Elastic deformation allows the object to return to its original shape when the load is removed.
Inelastic deformation results in a permanent change in shape after the load is removed.

Example of Elastic Object

A spring is a classic example of an elastic object.

Force-Extension Relationship

The extension of an elastic object is directly proportional to the force applied, as long as the limit of proportionality is not exceeded.

Units of Measurement

Units of force: Newtons (N).
Units of spring constant: Newtons per meter (N/m).
Units of extension or compression: meters (m).

Energy Transfer in Springs

When a force is applied to a spring, it performs work on the spring.
Mechanical energy transfers to the elastic potential energy store.
If the spring is not inelastically deformed, the work done equals the elastic potential energy stored.

Linear vs Non-Linear Relationship

A linear relationship between force and extension shows that the gradient of the force-extension graph equals the spring constant and both are directly proportional.
A non-linear relationship means the gradient does not equal the spring constant, with extension increasing more for each unit increase in force.

Elastic Potential Energy Formula

There is a formula that connects elastic potential energy, the spring constant, and extension (not provided).

Units of Elastic Potential Energy

The units for elastic potential energy are Joules (J).

Description

Dive into the principles of forces and elasticity with these flashcards. Test your knowledge on how forces can change the shape of objects through stretching, bending, and compressing. Ideal for students looking to reinforce their understanding of physical science concepts.