Foods Chapter 11-12 and 6 Study Guide

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Questions and Answers

Why should people not try to look like fashion models and strive to achieve an 'ideal body'?

Most fashion models are several inches taller, and they weigh 25% less than the average woman.

What are some health problems associated with being underweight?

Muscle loss can lead to fatigue and injury to bones and joints, with no fat the body can't store fat-soluble nutrients, and calcium is lost, which causes the immune system to weaken.

Name four reasons why Americans are gaining weight.

Portions are growing, junk food and fast food are cheaper, supermarkets have high-calorie processed foods, and people eat out at more restaurants.

Describe what is meant by a healthy weight.

A healthy weight helps you feel good and minimize the risk of developing diseases. Signup and view all the answers

How is BMI computed?

= weight in pounds x 703 / height in inches, squared. Signup and view all the answers

What is the best way to determine a healthy weight for you?

Talk to your doctor and don't compare yourself to friends or family. Signup and view all the answers

What is a reasonable weight-loss goal?

Setting a reasonable weight goal and working to lose weight gradually. Signup and view all the answers

Name four ways to develop positive, enjoyable eating habits.

Enjoy varieties of foods, focus on veggies, fruits, whole grain products, and dry beans, drink plenty of liquid, and do not skip meals. Signup and view all the answers

Name three reasons why physical activity helps people lose weight.

Boosts energy, builds endurance, and builds muscles, which burn calories. Signup and view all the answers

What is aerobic exercise and give an example.

Walking - during these, the heart and lungs send more oxygen to blood allowing muscles to work harder. Signup and view all the answers

What is anaerobic exercise and give an example.

Running a 100-meter dash - muscles work hard and fast. Signup and view all the answers

When choosing a physical activity to pursue, what will increase the likelihood that a person will stick with it?

Choose an exercise that fits your interests, lifestyle, budget, and personality. Signup and view all the answers

What do all fad diets have in common?

They aren't based on sound nutritional principles. Signup and view all the answers

Identify four ways to know if a diet plan is based on sound nutrition.

Teaching healthful eating habits, developed by a qualified health professional. Signup and view all the answers

What tips would you give someone trying to gain weight?

Eat three meals a day and add extra calories. Signup and view all the answers

Name four signs of stress.

Headaches, backaches, insomnia, irritability. Signup and view all the answers

What are two ways that good nutrition can help you deal with stress?

If you overeat, choose healthier snack choices; and if stress dulls your appetite, then schedule your nourishing meals. Signup and view all the answers

Name five ways to cope with stress.

Develop a sense of humor, take one step at a time, reach out, keep physically fit, take time for rest and recreation. Signup and view all the answers

Name four chronic health problems.

High cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, HIV/AIDS. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between food allergy and food intolerance?

A food allergy is an abnormal response to certain foods, while food intolerance is a negative physical reaction to certain foods. Signup and view all the answers

Name three or four eating strategies that can help a person deal with chronic health conditions.

Pay attention to the food they eat, try new foods, learn new cooking skills. Signup and view all the answers

What is an eating disorder?

It is a condition marked by extreme emotions, attitudes, and behaviors. Signup and view all the answers

Name three ways in which anorexics will try to lose as much weight as possible.

Food, eating, dieting. Signup and view all the answers

Why might it be harder to spot a person with bulimia nervosa than a person suffering from anorexia nervosa?

Because vomiting damages the teeth and loss of fluid can lead to irregular heartbeat, whereas anorexia is just them not eating. Signup and view all the answers

Name three warning signs of bulimia nervosa.

Missing food, empty food containers, long periods of time spent in the bathroom after meals. Signup and view all the answers

What causes eating disorders?

Problems with control and identity. Signup and view all the answers

How can those suffering from an eating disorder be helped?

Encouragement for them to get help and find healthy models of beauty. Signup and view all the answers

What do carbohydrates do for you?

They provide the body with energy. Signup and view all the answers

Name three types of carbohydrates that come from plants.

Sugar, starches, fiber. Signup and view all the answers

What is a simple carbohydrate?

A carbohydrate with a simple chemical structure: Glucose, Fructose, and Galactose. Signup and view all the answers

Why are starches called complex carbohydrates?

Because they have a complex chemical structure. Signup and view all the answers

How does digestion convert carbohydrates into energy your body can use?

It converts carbohydrates into glucose which is a single unit sugar that fuels body processes. Signup and view all the answers

Why do young plants taste sweeter than older plants?

Because when a young plant grows, it makes glucose, and as it matures it turns the glucose into starch which is more bland than glucose. Signup and view all the answers

Why does your body need a good supply of glucose?

Because glucose powers everything; your brain runs on it and your brain uses 20% of the body's energy. Signup and view all the answers

The USDA suggests that a person should limit the amount of added sugar they consume to what?

10 teaspoons per day on a 2000-calorie diet. Signup and view all the answers

How many grams of sugar are there in 10 teaspoons?

40 grams. Signup and view all the answers

Name five ingredients that add sugar to food.

Molasses, maple syrup, malt, honey. Signup and view all the answers

Identify two or three additional nutrients that are found in foods that contain complex carbohydrates.

Starch, fiber. Signup and view all the answers

Explain why it is important to eat foods containing fiber.

Fiber is vital to digestion; it absorbs water and creates mass that helps food move through the digestive system. Signup and view all the answers

Name four foods that are good sources of fiber.

Beans, fruits, nuts, potatoes. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Body Image and Health

Fashion models are typically several inches taller and weigh 25% less than the average woman, promoting an unrealistic body ideal.
Underweight individuals may experience muscle loss, fatigue, weakened immune systems, and difficulty storing essential nutrients.

Weight Gain Factors

Increased portion sizes contribute to rising obesity rates.
Junk and fast foods are generally more affordable.
High-calorie processed foods are prevalent in supermarkets.
Growing frequency of dining out leads to higher calorie intake.

Healthy Weight Definition

A healthy weight is associated with well-being and reduced disease risk.

Body Mass Index (BMI)

BMI calculation: weight in pounds x 703 / height in inches².

Determining Healthy Weight

Consult a doctor for personalized guidance rather than comparing oneself to others.

Weight Loss Goals

A reasonable weight-loss goal should involve gradual weight reduction for long-term success.

Positive Eating Habits

Embrace a variety of foods and focus on vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and dried beans.
Stay hydrated and avoid skipping meals for optimal health.

Role of Physical Activity

Regular exercise boosts energy levels, builds muscle, and enhances endurance, aiding in weight loss.

Types of Exercises

Aerobic exercise, such as walking, increases oxygen delivery, enhancing muscle performance.
Anaerobic exercise, like sprinting, involves short bursts of high-intensity activity.

Choosing Physical Activity

Select exercises that align with personal interests, lifestyle, and budgeting to improve adherence.

Fad Diets

Fad diets lack solid nutritional foundations and should be approached with caution.

Identifying Healthy Diet Plans

Effective diets promote healthy eating habits, are designed by qualified professionals, and encourage sustainable practices.

Tips for Weight Gain

Eat regular meals and include extra calories through snacks or larger portions.

Signs of Stress

Common physical manifestations include headaches, backaches, insomnia, and irritability.

Nutrition and Stress Management

Opt for healthier snacks if overeating occurs and maintain regular nutritious meals to combat stress effects.

Coping with Stress

Strategies include developing humor, pacing tasks, seeking social support, maintaining physical fitness, and allowing time for relaxation.

Chronic Health Issues

Frequent chronic conditions encompass high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, and HIV/AIDS.

Food Reactions

A food allergy involves abnormal immune responses, while food intolerance leads to adverse physical reactions without immune involvement.

Dietary Strategies for Chronic Conditions

Focus on mindful eating, exploring new foods, and acquiring cooking skills for better health management.

Eating Disorders

Defined by extreme emotions, attitudes, and behaviors tied to food and body image.

Anorexia vs. Bulimia

Anorexia is characterized by severe food restriction, while bulimia involves cycles of binging and purging, making it less noticeable.

Warning Signs of Bulimia

Indicators include hidden food disappearance, empty containers, and prolonged bathroom visits post-meals.

Causes of Eating Disorders

Rooted in struggles with self-control and personal identity.

Support for Eating Disorders

Encourage treatment and promote healthy body image models for recovery.

Carbohydrates

Essential for energy, carbohydrates are categorized as sugars, starches, and fibers originating from plants.

Simple Carbohydrates

Simple carbohydrates, like glucose and fructose, are easily digestible forms of sugar.

Complex Carbohydrates

Starches have intricate chemical structures, setting them apart from simple carbohydrates.

Digestion of Carbohydrates

Digestion transforms carbohydrates into glucose, fueling bodily functions.

Plant Sweetness

Young plants taste sweeter due to higher glucose levels before converting it into starch as they mature.

Importance of Glucose

Glucose is crucial for energy, especially for brain function, which consumes 20% of the body's total energy.

Sugar Consumption Guidelines

USDA recommends limiting added sugar to 10 teaspoons (40 grams) on a 2000-calorie diet.

Nutrient Sources of Sugar

Common sugar sources include molasses, maple syrup, malt, and honey.

Nutrients in Complex Carbohydrate Foods

Foods high in complex carbohydrates typically provide starch and fiber.

Importance of Fiber

Fiber aids digestion by absorbing water and facilitating food passage through the digestive tract.

High-Fiber Foods

Excellent fiber sources include beans, fruits, nuts, and potatoes.

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Description

This study guide focuses on key concepts from Foods Chapter 11-12 and 6 regarding body image and health. It explores the unrealistic standards set by fashion models and the potential health risks of being underweight. Use these flashcards to reinforce your understanding of these important topics.