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Questions and Answers
What is the primary ingredient added to pasteurized milk to create sweetened condensed milk?
What is the primary ingredient added to pasteurized milk to create sweetened condensed milk?
Which of the following types of poultry has the highest fat content in its skin?
Which of the following types of poultry has the highest fat content in its skin?
What percentage of total solids is typically found in fish?
What percentage of total solids is typically found in fish?
Which nutrient makes up approximately 12% of the whole mixed egg by weight?
Which nutrient makes up approximately 12% of the whole mixed egg by weight?
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What process is used to dehydrate whole milk to about 97% solids?
What process is used to dehydrate whole milk to about 97% solids?
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Which of the following is considered a major source of dietary protein from marine foods?
Which of the following is considered a major source of dietary protein from marine foods?
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What is the primary functional composition of edible fats and oils?
What is the primary functional composition of edible fats and oils?
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Which of the following grains is NOT typically considered a cereal grain?
Which of the following grains is NOT typically considered a cereal grain?
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What is the primary difference between direct and indirect food additives?
What is the primary difference between direct and indirect food additives?
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How must food manufacturers list ingredients on a product label?
How must food manufacturers list ingredients on a product label?
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Which of the following is an example of a direct food additive?
Which of the following is an example of a direct food additive?
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Which of the following statements about food ingredients is false?
Which of the following statements about food ingredients is false?
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Which type of food ingredient is likely used to improve texture in food products?
Which type of food ingredient is likely used to improve texture in food products?
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What are the principal constituents of milk?
What are the principal constituents of milk?
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Which type of milk has undergone a process to reduce its lactose content?
Which type of milk has undergone a process to reduce its lactose content?
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Which of the following milk types is specifically designed for people on a restricted sodium diet?
Which of the following milk types is specifically designed for people on a restricted sodium diet?
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What process is used to increase Vitamin D activity in milk?
What process is used to increase Vitamin D activity in milk?
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Which type of milk product is concentrated to approximately 2.25 times the solids of normal whole milk?
Which type of milk product is concentrated to approximately 2.25 times the solids of normal whole milk?
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What is the main raw material used to produce butter, cheese, and ice cream?
What is the main raw material used to produce butter, cheese, and ice cream?
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Which of the following statements regarding soft curd milk is true?
Which of the following statements regarding soft curd milk is true?
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What is the principal source of milk for human consumption?
What is the principal source of milk for human consumption?
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Which of the following is NOT considered an oil seed?
Which of the following is NOT considered an oil seed?
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What are fruits primarily defined as?
What are fruits primarily defined as?
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Which of the following beverages is primarily consumed for thirst-quenching properties?
Which of the following beverages is primarily consumed for thirst-quenching properties?
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Which category includes chocolate-covered confections?
Which category includes chocolate-covered confections?
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What is an example of a food raw material?
What is an example of a food raw material?
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Food ingredients are primarily derived from which of the following?
Food ingredients are primarily derived from which of the following?
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Which of the following is NOT a function of food ingredients?
Which of the following is NOT a function of food ingredients?
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Which of the following is NOT considered a food raw material?
Which of the following is NOT considered a food raw material?
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Study Notes
Food Raw Materials and Ingredients
- Raw materials are substances and products used by manufacturers and processors to create finished goods.
- Food manufacturers purchase raw materials to make food for consumption.
- Raw materials should be natural, edible, and either raw or pre-processed.
- Raw materials include meat, seafood, poultry, fruits, vegetables, grains, seeds, nuts, dairy, fungi, and eggs.
- Examples of raw materials include grains (wheat, rice), vegetables (carrots, onions), meat (beef, chicken), wood, honey, minerals, and crude oil.
Food Ingredients
- Food ingredients are made from natural materials, through deep processing processes, to make natural food ingredients.
- Food ingredients are naturally occurring.
- Food ingredients are safe for human consumption.
- Food ingredients can be used without dosage limits, and for various purposes.
- Examples of ingredients include soy sauce powder and rice vinegar powder.
- Food ingredients are used for preservation, flavoring, thickening, coloring of foods.
- They help to reduce nutritional deficiencies among consumers.
- They ensure the availability of flavorful, nutritious, safe, convenient, colorful, and affordable foods.
Types of Food Ingredients
- Preservatives
- Flavors and Spices
- Nutrients
- Leavening agents
- Anti-caking agents
- Yeast
- Firming agents
- Gases
- Fat replacers
- Sweeteners
- Flavor enhancers
- Emulsifiers
- pH control agents and acidulants
- Humectants
- Dough strengtheners and conditioners
- Enzyme preparations
- Stabilizers and thickeners, binders, texturizers
- Color additives
What is a Food Additive?
- Direct food additives are added to food for a specific purpose.
- Examples of direct additives include xanthan gum in salad dressings and other food products.
- Most direct additives are listed on the ingredient label.
- Indirect food additives become part of the food.
- Indirect additives are present at very low levels due to packaging, storage, or other handling issues.
Food Raw Materials vs. Food Ingredients
- Raw materials are usually less processed and less expensive.
- Raw materials are used in higher quantities than ingredients.
- Food ingredients are usually more processed and more expensive.
- Food ingredients have special functional properties like flavor.
How Ingredients are Listed on a Product Label
- Ingredients are listed in descending order of predominance.
- Ingredients listed first are the most abundant ones.
- Some ingredients are grouped together, like "flavors," "spices," or "artificial colors"
- Declaration of allergenic ingredients should simply name the ingredient.
Common Food Products
- Milk and milk products (evaporated milk, dried whole milk, full cream milk, cheese, etc.)
- Meat, poultry, and eggs (smoked meat, sausages, bacon, chicken, etc.)
- Seafood (fish, shrimp, oysters, crab, prawn)
- Fats, oils, and related products (butter, margarine, mayonnaise)
- Cereal, grains, legumes, and oilseeds (wheat, rice, corn, barley, oats, rye, soybean, peanut)
- Vegetables and fruits (fruit juices, cordials, jam, salads)
- Beverages (carbonated beverages, alcoholic beverages, non-alcoholic beverages)
- Confectionery and chocolate products (nougats, caramels, taffies, chocolate covered confections, chocolate bars)
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Description
Explore the essential concepts of food raw materials and ingredients through this quiz. Understand their roles in food manufacturing, their natural properties, and examples of various types. This quiz will help solidify your knowledge of what makes up the foods we consume daily.
