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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a major biological molecule?
Which of the following is NOT a major biological molecule?
The greenhouse effect is entirely caused by human activities.
The greenhouse effect is entirely caused by human activities.
False (B)
What is the primary purpose of food in terms of energy?
What is the primary purpose of food in terms of energy?
Food provides energy to drive metabolism and maintain molecular structures.
An organism that eats another organism is called a ______?
An organism that eats another organism is called a ______?
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Match the following organisms with their primary mode of obtaining energy:
Match the following organisms with their primary mode of obtaining energy:
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What are the four biological molecules essential for life?
What are the four biological molecules essential for life?
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The human body is an open ecosystem, constantly exchanging matter and energy with its surroundings.
The human body is an open ecosystem, constantly exchanging matter and energy with its surroundings.
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What is the primary role of producers in an ecosystem?
What is the primary role of producers in an ecosystem?
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The process by which producers convert light energy into chemical energy is called ______.
The process by which producers convert light energy into chemical energy is called ______.
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Match the following terms with their corresponding descriptions:
Match the following terms with their corresponding descriptions:
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What is the primary source of energy for ecosystems?
What is the primary source of energy for ecosystems?
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Explain the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
Explain the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of decomposers?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of decomposers?
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A food chain is a more accurate representation of feeding relationships in a community than a food web.
A food chain is a more accurate representation of feeding relationships in a community than a food web.
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Describe the primary reason why energy transfer between trophic levels is inefficient.
Describe the primary reason why energy transfer between trophic levels is inefficient.
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A ______ of energy displays the available energy at each trophic level, with producers at the base and top predators at the apex.
A ______ of energy displays the available energy at each trophic level, with producers at the base and top predators at the apex.
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Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
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Which of the following human activities is NOT a major contributor to rising atmospheric carbon dioxide levels?
Which of the following human activities is NOT a major contributor to rising atmospheric carbon dioxide levels?
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Higher levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide can contribute to global warming.
Higher levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide can contribute to global warming.
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The process by which a chemical becomes more concentrated in the tissues of organisms as it moves up the food chain is called ______.
The process by which a chemical becomes more concentrated in the tissues of organisms as it moves up the food chain is called ______.
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Explain why eating a vegetarian diet can support a larger human population compared to a diet primarily reliant on meat.
Explain why eating a vegetarian diet can support a larger human population compared to a diet primarily reliant on meat.
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What is the main concern regarding biological magnification?
What is the main concern regarding biological magnification?
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The study of the structure of the human body is known as ______.
The study of the structure of the human body is known as ______.
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Which of the following is NOT a subatomic particle found in an atom?
Which of the following is NOT a subatomic particle found in an atom?
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Cells are the simplest level of organization in the human body.
Cells are the simplest level of organization in the human body.
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What is the main function of epithelial tissue?
What is the main function of epithelial tissue?
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Match the following tissue types with their primary function:
Match the following tissue types with their primary function:
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Which of the following is a type of connective tissue?
Which of the following is a type of connective tissue?
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The type of connective tissue that provides support and flexibility is called ______.
The type of connective tissue that provides support and flexibility is called ______.
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Smooth muscle is responsible for voluntary movements.
Smooth muscle is responsible for voluntary movements.
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What are the two main cell types found in nervous tissue?
What are the two main cell types found in nervous tissue?
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Which level of organization involves the interaction of multiple tissues working together?
Which level of organization involves the interaction of multiple tissues working together?
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Study Notes
Food, Energy, and Raw Materials - Summary
- The human body is composed of atoms that form molecules, which in turn create cells and body structures.
- Food provides raw materials and energy for a variety of purposes, including building and maintaining body structures and driving metabolic processes. It provides the materials needed to form body structures during development and is used to add new molecules to existing ones, replace lost or broken-down molecules, and produce energy to fuel the body's processes.
- The four major biological molecules are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
- Humans are part of ecosystems and require raw materials, energy, oxygen, and water.
- Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are key processes in ecosystems. Photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy, while cellular respiration releases energy from this stored chemical form. Both processes are essential for the flow of energy and materials within ecosystems.
- Ecosystems involve energy flow and chemical cycling. Producers, consumers, and decomposers play distinct roles in these cycles. Producers capture sunlight energy to create sugars. Consumers consume producers for energy. Decomposers get energy from dead producers and consumers, releasing nutrients needed by producers
- Energy and nutrients move through ecosystems via trophic levels, with energy transfer being inefficient. Roughly 90% of energy is lost as heat between levels.
- Nutrients cycle through ecosystems, transferring from producers, through consumers, to decomposers.
- Sunlight is the primary energy source in most ecosystems.
- Energy flows in one direction through ecosystems, from producers (e.g., plants) to consumers (e.g., animals) and then decomposers.
- The Earth is a closed system with regard to matter. Chemical cycles constantly recycle elements like carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus.
- Biological magnification is the increasing concentration of certain substances (like toxins) in organisms at higher trophic levels of a food chain. This happens because toxins become more concentrated at each level of the food chain.
- Human activities significantly influence ecosystems, particularly through the release of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Deforestation & fossil fuel burning raise CO2 levels.
Important Biological Molecules
- Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids are the four key classes of biological molecules.
More Questions (from text)
- Food is necessary to provide energy for metabolic processes and to construct body components during development. The raw materials in food are required to build new structures and replace old ones. The energy from food powers metabolic reactions.
- Different organisms carry out photosynthesis and chemosynthesis for different purposes - they use different energy sources. Photosynthesis uses light energy to produce sugars; chemosynthesis uses chemical energy from inorganic molecules.
- Decomposers 'absorb' nutrients from non-living materials, whereas detritivores 'eat' non-living matter. Decomposers break down dead organisms and return nutrients to the environment. Detritivores consume decaying organic matter.
- There is roughly a 10% energy transfer between different trophic levels. This means that much energy is lost as heat during the transfer between levels.
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Description
This summary covers the essential concepts of how food provides energy and raw materials for the human body. It explains the role of biological molecules, the importance of ecosystems, and the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Learn about the flow of energy and nutrients through ecosystems, including the roles of producers, consumers, and decomposers.
