Food Movements and Industrialized Systems
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Questions and Answers

What is one of the social costs of industrialized food systems?

  • Increase in biodiversity
  • Higher prices for consumers
  • Reduction in pollution
  • Monopolies driving smaller producers out of business (correct)

Which example best represents a part of the food movement focused on children?

  • Stop-marketing-food-to-kids movement (correct)
  • Good food movement
  • Farm-to-community movement
  • School food movement

What is a significant environmental cost associated with industrialized food systems?

  • Improved diversity in farming
  • Increase in local food production
  • Resource depletion such as water shortages (correct)
  • Reduction of greenhouse gases

What is a primary goal of the food movement?

<p>To make the food system more sustainable and community-focused (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which challenge do local food movements face?

<p>Higher costs of local food limiting accessibility (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Farm-to-community movement aim to achieve?

<p>Bring fresh food directly to communities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect is NOT a part of the 'Make food matter' initiative in Nova Scotia?

<p>Promotion of non-local food consumption (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common challenge faced by social movements in changing societal structures?

<p>Resistance from existing systems of authority (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary advantage of private labels for retailers?

<p>Greater control over the product supply chain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes 'pull factors' affecting the demand for ultra-processed foods?

<p>Affordable pricing of products (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of the commodification of food?

<p>Dependency on industrial food systems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of foods in Canada are reported to carry health-related claims?

<p>45.5% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which approach to food production gave rise to more stable food supplies but less diet diversity?

<p>Domestication of plants and animals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has been a significant impact of globalization of food systems?

<p>Increased dominance of processed foods (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a hallmark of industrial food systems?

<p>Independent Local Farms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential concern related to the marketing of ultra-processed foods to children?

<p>Contribution to obesity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary agency responsible for enforcing food regulations in Canada?

<p>Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant change occurred in Canada regarding trans fats in 2018?

<p>A complete ban on trans fat was enacted (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What approach did the Canadian government take instead of implementing mandatory regulations for sodium reduction?

<p>Voluntary industry action with the threat of future regulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role has industry self-regulation played in addressing public health concerns?

<p>It has been used to avoid stricter government regulations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Canadian province has implemented a Food and Nutrition Policy for its public schools?

<p>Nova Scotia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has been the overall effect of voluntary sodium reduction targets established by the Sodium Working Group?

<p>No measurable impact on public health (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of the individual self-regulation model influenced by neoliberalism?

<p>Emphasis on personal responsibility for health (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two key groups created to address concerns about trans fats and sodium in Canada?

<p>Trans Fat Task Force and Sodium Working Group (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of Canada's Food Guide regarding protein sources?

<p>Choosing plant-based protein sources more often (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle of diet planning emphasizes the importance of consuming a diverse range of foods?

<p>Variety (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Canada’s Food Guide, what is the beverage choice that individuals should prefer?

<p>Water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'nutrient density' refer to according to Canada’s Food Guide?

<p>Selecting foods that deliver the most nutrients for the least food energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are traditional foods important for Indigenous peoples according to Canada’s Food Guide?

<p>They are critical to overall health and cultural identity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is nutrition science primarily concerned with?

<p>Food systems and their interactions in various contexts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which historical aspect of nutrition research has changed over the years?

<p>From deficiency diseases to prevention of chronic diseases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of research focuses on narrative data to generate hypotheses?

<p>Qualitative research (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of systemic reviews and meta-analyses in nutrition research?

<p>To synthesize findings from multiple studies for reliable conclusions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of the scientific method involves formulating predictions?

<p>Hypothesis formation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the peer review process ensure before research publication?

<p>Scientific rigor and validity of conclusions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of mixed methods research, what does it involve?

<p>Integrating both qualitative and quantitative approaches in the same study (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor in determining the reliability of nutrition information?

<p>The credentials and qualifications of the information provider (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines macronutrients and micronutrients in the context of nutrition?

<p>Macronutrients are required in large amounts, and micronutrients are required in small amounts. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) is accurate?

<p>DRI serves as guidelines for the intake of nutrients for healthy populations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is true of systemic reviews in research methodologies?

<p>They employ systematic methods to analyze multiple research studies. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nutrient category is considered the most energy-dense?

<p>Fats (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does peer review serve in the research process?

<p>It evaluates the methodological rigor of the research. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about essential nutrients is correct?

<p>Essential nutrients cannot be synthesized by the body and must come from the diet. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the four methods used for assessing nutritional status?

<p>Biochemical Assessment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a type of Dietary Reference Intake for micronutrients?

<p>Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Food Regulation Enforcement

Government oversight of food products and their compliance with regulations.

Industry Self-regulation

Shifting responsibility from government to industry to control food standards.

Trans Fat Task Force & Sodium Working Group

Groups formed to address concerns about trans fats and sodium in food.

Delayed Government Action on Trans Fat

Government intervention after industry failed to meet voluntary targets for trans fat reduction.

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Sodium Reduction Targets

Targets for reducing sodium in food that were set by industry.

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Preemptive Self-regulation

Companies controlling their own marketing and sales to avoid stricter government regulations.

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Healthy Food Environments

Provincial and municipal policies aimed at promoting healthier food choices in specific environments.

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Individual Self-regulation and Neoliberalism

The idea that people should be responsible for their own health and minimize government interference.

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Food Commodification

The shift from producing food primarily for personal consumption to relying on industrialized food systems for a majority of food needs.

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Mass Production in Food Systems

The practice of using large-scale farming and manufacturing processes to produce food in mass quantities.

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Mass Distribution in Food Systems

The development of efficient global networks for transporting and distributing food to consumers around the world.

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Mass Marketing in Food Systems

Strategies used to persuade consumers to buy certain food products, often emphasizing convenience, taste, or affordability.

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Mass Consumption in Food Systems

The widespread purchase and consumption of processed and manufactured foods by a large population.

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Globalization of Food

The increasing influence of global corporations on food production and distribution networks, often leading to the spread of processed food options.

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Functional Foods

Foods that claim to provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition, often with added nutrients or ingredients.

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Single Nutrient Claims in Food Marketing

Marketing strategies that emphasize a single nutrient in a food, potentially overshadowing less healthy aspects of the product.

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Social Movements

A group of people coming together to make changes in society. They aim to challenge or support authority, operate outside formal groups, and focus on continuity and organization.

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The Food Movement

A movement focused on transforming the food system to be more sustainable, healthy, and community-based. It aims to give people more control over their food choices.

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The Good Food Movement

A part of the food movement that promotes environmentally friendly and culturally significant food practices.

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Stop Marketing Food to Kids Movement

A movement aiming to reduce marketing of unhealthy food to children.

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School Food Movement

A movement advocating for healthier food options in educational settings.

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Farm-to-Community Movement

A way to connect farmers with local communities by offering fresh food directly.

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Challenges in Local Food Movements

The challenges faced by local food initiatives, including the higher cost of locally produced food, which can limit accessibility for all.

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The Food Movement in Nova Scotia

Nova Scotia's initiative to improve food security by encouraging community dialogues, influencing policy, and finding solutions.

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Interconnectedness of Diet Planning

The principles of a healthy diet work together; for example, moderation helps with calorie control, while variety and balance ensure you get enough nutrients.

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Nutrient Density: Evaluating Multiple Nutrients

Comparing nutrient density means looking at both helpful and potentially harmful nutrients, prioritizing them based on individual needs.

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Traditional Foods: Cultural Significance

Canada's Food Guide highlights the importance of traditional foods for Indigenous communities, recognizing their cultural value and nutritional benefits.

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Food Choices: Environmental Impact

Food choices should be made considering the impact on the environment.

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Nutrient-Dense Food: The Guiding Principle

Canada's Food Guide emphasizes choosing foods that provide the most nutrients for the least calories.

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Qualitative Research

Research methods that focus on understanding the 'why' and 'how' of phenomena, often relying on observations, interviews, and qualitative analysis to generate hypotheses.

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Quantitative Research

Research methods that use numerical data and statistical analysis to test hypotheses and establish relationships between variables.

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Systematic Review

A systematic approach to collecting and analyzing data from multiple research studies, aiming to synthesize findings and draw reliable conclusions.

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Peer Review

A process where experts in a field review research manuscripts before publication to ensure methodological rigor, scientific soundness, and originality.

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Macronutrients

Essential nutrients that the body needs in large amounts, providing energy and building blocks for various bodily functions.

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Micronutrients

Essential nutrients that the body requires in small amounts, playing crucial roles in various metabolic processes.

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Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI)

A set of nutrient intake values established by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, providing dietary recommendations for healthy individuals.

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Energy Requirements

The amount of energy (kcal) required by an individual daily based on age, sex, weight, height, and physical activity level.

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What does nutrition science study?

Nutrition science examines how food, nutrients, and their interactions impact living organisms, society, and the environment.

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How has the focus of nutrition research changed over time?

Early nutritional research primarily focused on deficiencies, while current research emphasizes the role of nutrition in preventing chronic diseases.

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What method governs nutrition research?

The scientific method guides research in nutrition by sequentially observing, forming hypotheses, testing them, and analyzing results.

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What's the focus of qualitative research in nutrition?

Qualitative research in nutrition focuses on understanding experiences and perspectives through narrative data, often used to generate hypotheses.

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How does quantitative research in nutrition differ from qualitative research?

Quantitative research in nutrition analyzes numerical data and tests hypotheses, employing designs like epidemiological studies, clinical trials, and randomized controlled trials.

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What's a limitation of correlational findings?

Correlations show associations but don't establish cause-and-effect relationships. Further research is needed to understand the causal link between variables.

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How are nutritional recommendations made?

Nutritional recommendations are based on a body of evidence from multiple studies, not solely on individual study findings.

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What are two methods used to synthesize evidence from multiple studies?

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses combine results from multiple studies to provide a more reliable and comprehensive picture.

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Study Notes

Food Insecurity

  • Food insecurity is a chronic, systemic issue, not just the absence of food.
  • It involves limited or no access to nutritionally adequate and culturally appropriate food from reliable sources.
  • Household food insecurity is the inability of households to access enough culturally acceptable food without resorting to emergency food systems.
  • In Canada, one in six children experience food insecurity and Nova Scotia has the highest rate.
  • Food insecurity is a structural problem, often linked to income poverty, disproportionately affecting lower-income households.

Poverty and Social Exclusion

  • Poverty and food insecurity are often linked.
  • People in lower income brackets are more likely to experience food insecurity.
  • Social exclusion is the inability to use mainstream institutions, like grocery shops, and relying on emergency food systems.
  • In Canada, both absolute and relative poverty contribute to social exclusion.

Community and National Food Security

  • Community food security is when all community members have access to sufficient, healthy and culturally appropriate food.
  • It's linked to social justice and sustainable food systems.
  • National food security is the right of communities and countries to control their food production and consumption systems.

Right to Food

  • Food is a human right, recognized in international law.
  • Key elements of the right to food include adequacy, availability, accessibility and sustainability.

Food Insecurity in Canada

  • Despite having a legal obligation to protect food as a human right, Canada still faces significant gaps.
  • Emergency food services (food banks, pantries, etc.) are a short-term solution, not addressing the root causes of food insecurity.

Global Food Insecurity and Food Justice: Causes of Global Hunger

  • Global food insecurity is also impacted by human disasters, political turmoil, natural disasters, and unsustainable food systems.
  • Technology (like the green revolution) and global trade (e.g., developed countries' subsidies and overproduction) further exacerbate food insecurity.

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Description

This quiz explores various aspects of industrialized food systems and their social and environmental impacts. It also examines the food movement, specifically its goals, challenges, and initiatives aimed at improving food quality and accessibility. Test your knowledge on the complexities of food systems and their effects on society and the environment.

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