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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of photosynthesis in ecosystems?
What is the primary function of photosynthesis in ecosystems?
- To decompose dead organic matter.
- To produce nitrogenous compounds in soil.
- To break down glucose into ATP.
- To convert light energy into chemical energy. (correct)
Which process involves the breakdown of glucose to produce ATP?
Which process involves the breakdown of glucose to produce ATP?
- Cellular Respiration (correct)
- Decomposition
- Photosynthesis
- Nitrogen Fixation
What does the nitrogen fixation process convert nitrogen into?
What does the nitrogen fixation process convert nitrogen into?
- Ammonia or related compounds (correct)
- Oxygen
- Carbon dioxide
- Glucose
What role do decomposers play in an ecosystem?
What role do decomposers play in an ecosystem?
What best describes the concept of a niche in an ecosystem?
What best describes the concept of a niche in an ecosystem?
Which model illustrates the flow of energy through different trophic levels?
Which model illustrates the flow of energy through different trophic levels?
What is the purpose of conducting cellular respiration studies?
What is the purpose of conducting cellular respiration studies?
What does matter cycling refer to in ecosystems?
What does matter cycling refer to in ecosystems?
What are the inputs of photosynthesis?
What are the inputs of photosynthesis?
Which organelle is responsible for cellular respiration?
Which organelle is responsible for cellular respiration?
What is the significance of ATP in cellular respiration?
What is the significance of ATP in cellular respiration?
Which statement accurately reflects the transformation of energy in cellular respiration?
Which statement accurately reflects the transformation of energy in cellular respiration?
Which of the following essential elements is NOT required for life?
Which of the following essential elements is NOT required for life?
What are the outputs of the photosynthesis process?
What are the outputs of the photosynthesis process?
How does RNA differ from DNA in structure?
How does RNA differ from DNA in structure?
In which organelles does photosynthesis occur?
In which organelles does photosynthesis occur?
Flashcards
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis
The process by which light energy is converted into chemical energy, producing glucose and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water.
Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration
The breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen (aerobic) or absence of oxygen (anaerobic) to produce ATP.
Nitrogen Fixation
Nitrogen Fixation
The conversion of nitrogen gas from the atmosphere into ammonia or related nitrogenous compounds in the soil.
Decomposition
Decomposition
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Energy Flow
Energy Flow
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Matter Cycling
Matter Cycling
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Niche
Niche
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Homeostasis
Homeostasis
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Macromolecules
Macromolecules
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Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates
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Lipids
Lipids
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Proteins
Proteins
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Nucleic Acids
Nucleic Acids
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Study Notes
Key Processes
- Photosynthesis: Converts light energy to chemical energy, producing glucose and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water.
- Cellular Respiration: Breaks down glucose in the presence of oxygen (aerobic) or absence of oxygen (anaerobic) to produce ATP.
- Nitrogen Fixation: Converts atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia or related nitrogen compounds in soil.
- Decomposition: Breaks down dead organic matter, returning nutrients to the soil.
Key Concepts in Ecosystems
- Energy Flow: Energy transfers through a food web from producers to consumers and decomposers.
- Matter Cycling: Movement and transformation of matter (e.g., carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus) through biogeochemical cycles.
- Niche: An organism's role (habitat, resource use, and interactions) within an ecosystem.
Key Investigations
- Investigating Homeostasis: Studying how organisms respond to environmental changes (temperature or pH).
- Photosynthesis Experiments: Examining how light intensity and carbon dioxide levels affect photosynthesis rates.
- Cellular Respiration Studies: Measuring oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production under different conditions (aerobic vs. anaerobic).
Key Models
- Food Web Model: Illustrates energy and matter flow through different trophic levels.
- Carbon Cycle Model: Shows how carbon moves through the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere, (photosynthesis, respiration).
- Nitrogen Cycle Model: Depicts nitrogen fixation, nitrification, and denitrification, showing nitrogen movement.
Facts to Memorize
- Photosynthesis Equation: 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2
- Cellular Respiration Equation: C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
- Essential Elements: Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Nitrogen (N), Oxygen (O), Phosphorus (P), Sulfur (S),
- **Macromolecules:**Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids
Reference Information
- Chloroplasts: Organelles where photosynthesis occurs.
- Mitochondria: Organelles where cellular respiration occurs.
- Enzymes: Proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions.
- Homeostasis: Biological systems' ability to maintain stability while adapting to optimal conditions for survival.
Problem-Solving Steps
- Analyze Biochemical Processes: Identify the process, write the chemical equation, determine inputs/outputs, explain energy transformation, and discuss its significance.
Concept Comparisons (Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration)
| Feature | Photosynthesis | Cellular Respiration |
|---|---|---|
| Location | Chloroplasts | Mitochondria |
| Inputs | Carbon dioxide, water, light energy | Glucose, oxygen |
| Outputs | Glucose, oxygen | Carbon dioxide, water, ATP |
| Energy Transformation | Light energy to chemical energy | Chemical energy (ATP) to usable energy |
| Organisms | Plants, algae, some bacteria | All aerobic organisms, some anaerobic organisms |
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