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Questions and Answers
The main source of energy for all organisms is the ______.
The main source of energy for all organisms is the ______.
Sun
______ are unique in their ability to directly trap light from the Sun to produce food.
______ are unique in their ability to directly trap light from the Sun to produce food.
Plants
Organisms other than plants obtain energy from the Sun ______.
Organisms other than plants obtain energy from the Sun ______.
indirectly
______, a green pigment found mainly in plant leaves, is essential for trapping light.
______, a green pigment found mainly in plant leaves, is essential for trapping light.
Plants are referred to as ______ because of their capability to produce their own food.
Plants are referred to as ______ because of their capability to produce their own food.
Unlike producers, ______ must obtain their food by consuming other organisms.
Unlike producers, ______ must obtain their food by consuming other organisms.
______-eaters are a specific type of consumer that obtains nutrition solely from plants.
______-eaters are a specific type of consumer that obtains nutrition solely from plants.
-and- eaters consume both plants and animals to meet their nutritional needs.
-and- eaters consume both plants and animals to meet their nutritional needs.
The energy contained within plants is passed on to -eaters and plant-and- eaters when they feed on those plants.
The energy contained within plants is passed on to -eaters and plant-and- eaters when they feed on those plants.
Organisms that acquire food by hunting and eating other animals are called ______-eaters.
Organisms that acquire food by hunting and eating other animals are called ______-eaters.
Energy from the Sun, which is initially harnessed by plants, is eventually passed on to -eaters via plant-eaters and plant-and- eaters.
Energy from the Sun, which is initially harnessed by plants, is eventually passed on to -eaters via plant-eaters and plant-and- eaters.
______ are animal-eaters that actively hunt and kill other animals for sustenance.
______ are animal-eaters that actively hunt and kill other animals for sustenance.
Animals captured and consumed by predators are referred to as ______.
Animals captured and consumed by predators are referred to as ______.
The interactions and energy flow between producers and consumers can be shown using ______ ______.
The interactions and energy flow between producers and consumers can be shown using ______ ______.
A ______ ______ is formed when a plant is consumed by an animal, and that animal is subsequently eaten by another.
A ______ ______ is formed when a plant is consumed by an animal, and that animal is subsequently eaten by another.
Every food chain has to start with a ______.
Every food chain has to start with a ______.
A food chain illustrates the ______ of energy from one organism to another.
A food chain illustrates the ______ of energy from one organism to another.
One plant may be food for multiple plants-______, thus forming multiple food chains.
One plant may be food for multiple plants-______, thus forming multiple food chains.
Predators typically feed on several types of ______, resulting in multiple possible food chains for each predator.
Predators typically feed on several types of ______, resulting in multiple possible food chains for each predator.
A ______ ______ is formed when multiple interconnected food chains are combined within a community.
A ______ ______ is formed when multiple interconnected food chains are combined within a community.
In a garden ecosystem, a caterpillar eats a plant, then the caterpillar is eaten by a ______
In a garden ecosystem, a caterpillar eats a plant, then the caterpillar is eaten by a ______
In a garden ecosystem, a fruit fly eats a plant, then the fruit fly might be eaten by a ______
In a garden ecosystem, a fruit fly eats a plant, then the fruit fly might be eaten by a ______
In a garden ecosystem, aphids eat from a plant and then a ______ eats the aphid
In a garden ecosystem, aphids eat from a plant and then a ______ eats the aphid
Animals known as ______ hunt other animals for food.
Animals known as ______ hunt other animals for food.
The animals that are hunted by predators are known as ______
The animals that are hunted by predators are known as ______
Flashcards
What is the Sun?
What is the Sun?
The main source of energy for all organisms.
What is chlorophyll?
What is chlorophyll?
Green pigment in plants that traps light to make food.
What are producers?
What are producers?
Organisms that can make their own food using light.
What are consumers?
What are consumers?
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What are plant-eaters?
What are plant-eaters?
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What are plant-and-animal eaters?
What are plant-and-animal eaters?
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What are animal-eaters?
What are animal-eaters?
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What are predators?
What are predators?
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What are preys?
What are preys?
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What is a food chain?
What is a food chain?
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What is the start of a food chain?
What is the start of a food chain?
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What is a food web?
What is a food web?
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Study Notes
Chapter 3: Food Chains and Food Webs
- Living things depend on air, water, and food for survival
- Plants are capable of producing their own food
- Some animals rely on plants for sustenance
- Fungi and bacteria obtain nutrients from both living and dead organisms
Main Source of Energy
- The sun is the primary energy source for all organisms on Earth
- Plants alone possess the ability to directly capture the sun's light and produce nourishment
- Other organisms acquire energy from the sun indirectly through various pathways
- The sun's energy can be traced back through all organisms
Producers
- Plants contain chlorophyll, a green pigment predominantly located in their leaves
- Chlorophyll aids in capturing sunlight, enabling plants to create their own sustenance
- Plants are called producers because of their ability to make their own food
Consumers
- Consumers differ from producers, as they cannot produce their own food
- Instead, consumers derive nutrition from consuming plants, other animals, or a combination of both
- Consumers obtain nourishment by consuming producers directly
- Plant-eaters are consumers that exclusively consume plants for nutrition
- Plant-and-animal eaters are consumers with diets consisting of both plants and animals
How Consumers Obtain Energy
- Energy preserved in plants is transferred to plant-eaters or plant-and-animal eaters upon consumption
- Consumers indirectly harness energy from the sun
Animal-Eaters
- Consumers who hunt and eat other animals are known as animal-eaters
- Energy from the sun flows from plants to plant-eaters and plant-and-animal eaters, then to animal-eaters
- These consumers also get energy from the Sun indirectly
Predators and Preys
- Animal-eaters that hunt and kill for food are known as predators
- Animals that are hunted and consumed are known as preys
Food Chains
- Food chains are used to illustrate the relationships between producers and consumers
- A food chain is established when a plant is consumed by an animal, which in turn becomes prey for another
- A food chain always starts with a producer
- A food chain demonstrates how energy is passed from one organism to another
Plants and Food Chains
- Plants may be consumed by multiple plant-eaters, leading to formation of multiple food chains from the same plant
Predators and Food Chains
- Predators commonly consume various prey, enabling them to create multiple food chains
Food Webs
- A food web forms when multiple food chains interconnect within a community
Garden Food Web
- Various organisms play different roles, including plants, aphids, caterpillars, fruit flies, ladybugs, spiders, and birds
Recap
- Producers, like plants, capture sunlight to produce food
- Consumers can't produce food and get it directly or indirectly from producers
- Plant-eaters, plant-and-animal eaters, and animal-eaters are consumers
- Animals known as predators, hunt other animals
- The name for hunted animals is prey
- A food chain illustrates the relationships between producers and consumers
- A food web is made up of several interconnected food chains within a community
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