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Questions and Answers
Which three classes of nutrients supply the body with energy?
Which three classes of nutrients supply the body with energy?
- Vitamins, minerals, and carbohydrates
- Fats, sugars, and proteins
- Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins (correct)
- Carbohydrates, sugars, and water
What roles do carbohydrates, fats, and proteins play in the body?
What roles do carbohydrates, fats, and proteins play in the body?
Carbohydrates supply energy, fats provide structure and insulation, and proteins support growth and repair of tissues.
Define the term metabolism and how it relates to your body gaining nutrients from food.
Define the term metabolism and how it relates to your body gaining nutrients from food.
Metabolism is the chemical process that converts food into energy for daily activities.
What are calories and how many calories should a person intake in their diet?
What are calories and how many calories should a person intake in their diet?
What are the two types of carbohydrates?
What are the two types of carbohydrates?
____________ is a type of complex carbohydrate that is found in plants.
____________ is a type of complex carbohydrate that is found in plants.
What are the three types of fats found in food?
What are the three types of fats found in food?
____________ is a waxy, fat-like substance that is found only in animal products.
____________ is a waxy, fat-like substance that is found only in animal products.
Proteins are long chains of smaller 'links' that are bound together chemically. These smaller substances are known as ____________.
Proteins are long chains of smaller 'links' that are bound together chemically. These smaller substances are known as ____________.
(True or false) Nutrients that are made by living things, required only in small amounts, and that assist many chemical reactions in the body are minerals.
(True or false) Nutrients that are made by living things, required only in small amounts, and that assist many chemical reactions in the body are minerals.
What is the difference between fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins?
What is the difference between fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins?
Which vitamins fall into the two categories of fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins?
Which vitamins fall into the two categories of fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins?
Which of these foods is a good source of vitamin A?
Which of these foods is a good source of vitamin A?
Vitamins called ____________ help protect healthy cells from the damage caused by the normal aging process as well as from certain types of cancer.
Vitamins called ____________ help protect healthy cells from the damage caused by the normal aging process as well as from certain types of cancer.
(True or false) Your body needs only small amounts of minerals, which are nutrients that occur naturally in rocks and soil.
(True or false) Your body needs only small amounts of minerals, which are nutrients that occur naturally in rocks and soil.
Which seven minerals are needed by the body in significant amounts?
Which seven minerals are needed by the body in significant amounts?
____________ is the process of maintaining a steady state inside your body.
____________ is the process of maintaining a steady state inside your body.
What disease can be caused by lack of calcium?
What disease can be caused by lack of calcium?
What are the four main recommendations contained in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans?
What are the four main recommendations contained in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans?
What is indicated by the different bands in the MyPyramid plan? What do the stair steps mean?
What is indicated by the different bands in the MyPyramid plan? What do the stair steps mean?
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Study Notes
Nutritional Classes and Energy
- Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins supply energy to the body.
- Carbohydrates primarily provide energy for bodily functions.
- Fats contribute to energy, form cells, maintain body temperature, and protect nerves.
- Proteins are essential for growth, repair of tissues, and can also serve as an energy source.
Metabolism and Nutrient Conversion
- Metabolism refers to the chemical processes that break down food for energy.
- Nutrients from food are converted into accessible energy needed for daily activities.
Caloric Intake
- Calories measure the energy released when nutrients break down.
- Caloric needs depend on age, physical activity, gender, and body requirements.
Types of Carbohydrates
- Carbohydrates are categorized as simple and complex.
- Fiber is a type of complex carbohydrate sourced from plants.
Types of Fats
- The three categories of dietary fats include saturated fats, unsaturated fats, and trans fats.
- Cholesterol, a waxy substance found exclusively in animal products, plays a role in bodily functions.
Proteins and Amino Acids
- Proteins are composed of long chains of amino acids, which are smaller chemical 'links'.
Vitamins and Minerals
- Vitamins aid in numerous bodily chemical reactions and are naturally produced by living things.
- Differences exist between fat-soluble (A, D, E, K) and water-soluble (B-complex, C) vitamins.
Sources and Functions of Vitamins
- Dark green vegetables are excellent sources of vitamin A.
- Antioxidants are vitamins that protect cells from aging and certain cancers.
- Miners such as calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, chlorine, and sulfur are essential in significant amounts.
Homeostasis and Disease
- Homeostasis maintains a stable internal environment within the body.
- A calcium deficiency can lead to osteoporosis, a disease characterized by weakened bones.
Dietary Guidelines
- The Dietary Guidelines for Americans include making smart food decisions, balancing food and physical activity, maximizing nutrition from calories accepted, and safe food handling practices.
MyPyramid and Food Groups
- The MyPyramid plan categorizes foods into types, indicating appropriate daily servings for a healthy diet.
- It features six colored bands representing five food groups plus oils; band width indicates dietary proportion.
- Stair steps in MyPyramid signify the importance of physical activity and exercise.
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