Folk Literature and Mythology Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes Hestia?

  • Master musician of Olympus
  • Goddess of Love and Beauty
  • Virgin goddess and symbol of the home (correct)
  • Goddess of wine and pleasure

    • What characterizes Dionysius among the Olympian gods?

  • He is the only Olympian with a mortal mother. (correct)
  • He is the God of Fire.
  • He is the oldest Olympian god.
  • He is associated with war and battle.

    • Which theme is NOT associated with The Iliad?

  • Rivalry
  • Fate
  • Compassion (correct)
  • Honor

    • In the context of Greek mythology, who is Prometheus?

    <p>A titan punished for stealing fire</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant event was associated with the wedding of King Peleus and Thetis?

    <p>The giving of the Apple of Discord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic is attributed to nonhuman things in mythology?

    <p>Anthropomorphism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a theme explored in the Epic of Gilgamesh?

    <p>Mortality and immortality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the role of Utnapishtim in the Epic of Gilgamesh?

    <p>He was a source of wisdom about immortality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome for the children of Lir according to the curse?

    <p>They were transformed into swans for 900 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the villain defeated by Gilgamesh in his epic tales?

    <p>Humbaba</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the pattern of flood myths, what is commonly considered a sign of hope?

    <p>The appearance of a rainbow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the relationship between Aebh and Lir in Celtic mythology?

    <p>Wife and husband</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes Folk Literature?

    <p>A collection of oral stories and traditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary symbolic meaning of a unicorn in mythology?

    <p>Purity and grace</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which mythology does the phoenix appear, characterized by its death in fire and rebirth?

    <p>Ancient Egyptian mythology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What creature is known in Japanese folklore for its ability to shape-shift?

    <p>Kitsune</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mythical creature is described as a tall, dark, hairy, and muscular tree giant in Philippine folklore?

    <p>Kapre</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic uniquely defines a chimera in mythology?

    <p>A creature with multiple animal features</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which creature from mythology is known as a three-headed dog that guards the underworld?

    <p>Cerberus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary theme of tell tales in folklore?

    <p>Extraordinary characters and humor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the folktale 'The Carabao and the Shell', what is the nature of the interaction between the two characters?

    <p>A battle of wits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does Hades play in Greek mythology?

    <p>Ruler of the underworld and God of Wealth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which character in 'Journey to the West' seeks enlightenment by retrieving Buddhist scriptures?

    <p>Xuanzang</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of Demeter and Persephone's myth in Greek mythology?

    <p>It symbolizes the seasonal cycle and grief</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the regions of the Greek Underworld?

    <p>Valhalla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is considered the chief among the Olympian gods?

    <p>Zeus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event is known as the Titanomachy?

    <p>The ten-year battle of Olympian gods against the Titans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symbols is associated with Hera in Greek mythology?

    <p>The peacock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What character trait is commonly associated with Ares, the God of War?

    <p>Ruthless and cowardly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What decision does the crossroad symbolize in Oedipus' story?

    <p>His decision to kill Laius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who attempted to bury her brother Polyneices against Creon's order?

    <p>Antigone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the World Tree in Norse mythology?

    <p>Yggdrasil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which character is recognized as the 'Raven god' in Norse mythology?

    <p>Odin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fate of Norse heroes who die honorably in battle?

    <p>They go to Valhalla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which goddess was associated with political power in the competition for the title 'to the fairest'?

    <p>Hera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the ultimate fate of Hector, a notable character in the Iliad?

    <p>He died at the hands of Achilles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What prompted Odysseus to devise the Trojan Horse?

    <p>To end the Trojan War</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was Penelope's situation significant in 'The Odyssey'?

    <p>She waited for Odysseus for 20 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which character is known for being turned into animals by Circe?

    <p>Odysseus' crew members</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Trojan Horse symbolize in Greek mythology?

    <p>Deceit and betrayal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who helped Jason accomplish the tasks set by King Pelias in his quest for the Golden Fleece?

    <p>Medea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What relationship did Achilles have with Patroclus?

    <p>Best friends</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A body of stories, legends, myths, ballads, songs, riddles, sayings, and other works arising out of the oral traditions of the people around the world.

    <p>Folk Literature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mesopotamian great hero and son of goddess Ninsun whose stories are told in Sumerian and Babylonian poem

    <p>Gilgamesh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bestfriend of Gilgamesh

    <p>Enkidu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    “Shall I die too? Am I not like Enkidu? Grief has entered my innermost being. I am afraid of death and so I roam open country"

    <p>Epic of Gilgamesh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Three Curse in The Children of Lir:

    <ol> <li>Lake Derravaragh</li> <li>Icy Sea of Moyle</li> <li>Bay of Erris</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

    A type of mischievous supernatural being, sometimes considered the reincarnated spirit of one who was proud and arrogant in life

    <p>Tengu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A tall, bony creature resembling a humanoid horse.

    <p>Tikbalang</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lives in caves, turns to stone when exposed to sunlight

    <p>Troll</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Monstrous wolf of Norse mythology.

    <p>Fenrir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Has a loud pitched scream, appears when a loved one is going to die

    <p>Banshee</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ruler of the sea/ always seen carrying his trident.

    <p>Poseidon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Greek goddess of the harvest, grains, and agriculture.

    <p>Demeter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Zeus’ messenger/Master Thief

    <p>Hermes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hermes has a magic wand called ______

    <p>Caduceus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Goddess of the City

    <p>Athena</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Master musician who delights Olympus as he plays his golden lyre.

    <p>Apollo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Apollo is the "most Greek of all the gods".

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lady of Wild Things

    <p>Artemis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Every meal began and ended with an offering to her.

    <p>Hestia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    afterthought, husband of Pandora (pandora box)

    <p>Epimetheus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "Te Kallisti"

    <p>To the fairest.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    They discover a crack in the wall between their houses and plan to meet under a mulberry tree.

    <p>Pyramus and Thisbe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A tragic love story about a man who tries to bring his dead wife back to life.

    <p>Orpheus and Eurydice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A Greek myth about a sculptor who falls in love with a statue he created.

    <p>Pygmalion and Galate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Folk Literature

    • A collection of stories, legends, myths, ballads, songs, riddles, sayings, and other works from oral traditions around the world.

    Mythology

    • A collection of myths, typically associated with a specific religious or cultural tradition.

    Myth

    • A traditional or legendary story, often about deities, heroes, or events, with or without a verifiable basis. These narratives frequently explain cultural practices, rites, or natural phenomena.

    Anthropomorphism

    • Ascribing human forms, characteristics, or behaviors to non-human entities.

    Flood Myths

    • Stories which often describe floods as punishment for human actions.
    • Typically depict a widespread flood affecting the entire land.
    • Feature a small number of survivors (often good people).
    • Often include a symbolic sign of hope, like a rainbow.

    Gilgamesh

    • A Mesopotamian hero, son of goddess Ninsun.
    • Epic poems chronicle his life, exploring themes of life, relationships, mortality, and immortality.
    • His friend is Enkidu, and a villain is Humbaba.
    • Ishtar, a goddess, desired Gilgamesh.

    Children of Lir

    • Celtic Irish legend.
    • Tells the story of children who were transformed into swans due to a curse.
    • Their transformation lasted for several centuries, before a holy man baptized them.

    Mythological Creatures (Page 2)

    • Unicorn: A symbol of purity and grace (Celtic).
    • Phoenix: A mythical bird reborn from the ashes.
    • Kitsune: A shapeshifting being from Japanese folklore (often as a beautiful woman).
    • Tengu: A mischievous supernatural being (sometimes reincarnated spirits).
    • Tikbalang: A tall, bony creature. resembling a humanoid horse.
    • Kapre: A muscular, large tree-giant.
    • Aswang: A shapeshifter in Philippine folklore.
    • Troll: Typically living in caves and turning to stone.
    • Chimera: Part lion, goat, and serpent, fire-breathing.
    • Fenrir: A monstrous wolf in Norse mythology.
    • Hydra: A multi-headed serpent.
    • Centaur: Half human, half horse.
    • Gorgons: Snake-haired creatures who turn people to stone when looked upon.
    • Oni: Japanese Demon.
    • Cerberus: Three-headed dog guarding the underworld.
    • Minotaur: Half human, half bull.
    • Jin: Arabian mythical being that grants wishes.
    • Harpy: Half human, half bird.
    • Griffin: Half-eagle, half-lion.
    • Pegasus: Winged horse.
    • Banshee: Loud wails foretelling death.
    • Ghoul: Scavenger that lurks in darkness.
    • Chupacabra: Scavenging creature believed to suck animal blood.
    • Kappa: Swamp creatures pulling humans into swamps.
    • Tell tales: Folk stories of extraordinary characters. 

    Egyptian Mythology (Page 3)

    • Amun: Wind god.
    • Anubis: Jackal-headed.
    • Osiris: Husband of Isis.
    • Set: Killed Osiris; husband of Nephthys.

    Greek Mythology (Page 3)

    • Demeter and Persephone: Myth about Persephone's abduction by Hades, reflecting a view of the universe where mystery and beauty of humanity are acknowledged.
    • Titans: Twelve elder gods before the Olympians, from whom the Olympians descended.
    • Titanomachy: A ten-year series of battles between the Olympians and Titans resulting in the victory of the Olympians.
    • Olympians: Twelve chief gods and goddesses.
      • Zeus: Ruler of the sky, wielding thunderbolts.
      • Poseidon: Lord of the sea, a powerful earth-shaker.
      • Hades: Ruler of the underworld, God of wealth.
      • Demeter: Goddess of harvests, grains, agriculture, and mother of Persephone.
      • Hera: Protector of marriage, a jealous goddess.
      • Ares: God of war, ruthless murderer, and a coward.
      • Hermes: Messenger of the gods, with a caduceus and winged sandals.
      • Athena: Daughter of Zeus, battle goddess, and Goddess of the city.

    Greek and Roman Gods and Goddesses (Page 4)

    • A table listing equivalent Greek and Roman gods and goddesses.

    The Iliad (Page 5)

    • Epic poem about the Trojan War, exploring themes of love, honor, friendship, rivalry, free will, and fate.
    • Key characters include Achilles and Hector.

    The Odyssey (Page 5)

    • Epic poem about Odysseus' journey home after the Trojan War, highlighting themes of heroism, loyalty, and perseverance.

    Jason and the Golden Fleece (Page 6)

    • Greek myth of Jason's quest for the Golden Fleece, featuring characters like Medea and King Pelias.

    Oedipus (Page 6)

    • Greek tragedy, highlighting themes of fate and free will.

    Antigone (Page 6)

    • Greek tragedy where Antigone attempts to bury her brother, defying Creon's orders.

    Sisyphus (Page 6)

    • King of Corinth condemned to eternally roll a boulder uphill in the underworld.

    Daedalus and Icarus (Page 6)

    • Mythical story about the father and son crafting wings and flying, but Icarus' hubris leading to his demise.

    Norse Mythology (Page 6)

    • Focuses on the concept of Yggdrasil, the World Tree, and Norse gods, including Odin known as the Raven god, Thor, and Valhalla.

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    Description

    Explore the rich tapestry of folk literature and mythology from around the world. This quiz covers stories, myths, and significant characters like Gilgamesh, emphasizing themes of culture and human experience. Test your knowledge of these influential narratives and their impact on societies.

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