30 Questions
Which term is used to describe a solution with a higher concentration than plasma?
Hypertonic
What is the primary treatment for low potassium levels?
Potassium chloride
Which part of the nephron is responsible for the reabsorption of sodium and chloride?
Distal convoluted tubule
What is the primary mechanism of action for diuretics?
Blocking sodium and chloride reabsorption
Which diuretic is considered less potent and suitable for outpatient use?
Hydrochlorothiazide
What is the primary function of the kidneys?
Both A and C
What term is used to describe the complete absence of urine production?
Anuria
What is the primary mechanism of action for potassium-sparing diuretics like spironolactone?
Inhibiting the sodium-potassium pump
Which of the following is NOT a therapeutic use of spironolactone?
Diabetes mellitus
Which adverse effect is associated with the use of spironolactone?
Ototoxicity
What is the primary difference between the mechanism of action of spironolactone and mannitol?
Spironolactone inhibits the sodium-potassium pump, while mannitol creates an osmotic force
Which drug interaction is a concern with the use of spironolactone?
Digoxin
What is the primary therapeutic use of mannitol?
Preventing renal failure
Which of the following statements about triamterene is correct?
It directly inhibits the sodium-potassium exchange
Which precaution should be taken when prescribing spironolactone?
Caution in patients with renal or hepatic disease
What is the primary site of action for thiazide diuretics?
Distal convoluted tubule
Which electrolyte imbalance is commonly treated with oral and IV potassium chloride?
Hypokalemia
What is the primary effect of diuretics that block sodium reabsorption in the nephron?
Reduction in fluid volume
Which term describes a solution with a lower concentration than plasma?
Hypotonic
Which electrolyte imbalance can be managed by avoiding potassium-rich foods and medications?
Hyperkalemia
What is the primary function of sodium polystyrene sulfonate in managing electrolyte imbalances?
Remove excess potassium
In the nephron, what is the primary consequence of blocking sodium and chloride reabsorption in terms of urine production?
Increased urine output due to retained water
What is the primary mechanism of action for the potassium-sparing diuretic spironolactone?
Inhibits the Na-K pump, preventing potassium secretion in the tubule
What is the primary therapeutic use of the osmotic diuretic mannitol?
Preventing renal failure
Which drug interaction is a major concern with the use of spironolactone?
Increased risk of digoxin toxicity
Which precaution should be taken when prescribing spironolactone?
Avoid use in patients with renal impairment
What is the primary difference between the mechanism of action of spironolactone and mannitol?
Spironolactone inhibits the Na-K pump, while mannitol creates an osmotic force
Which adverse effect is commonly associated with the use of spironolactone?
Hyperkalemia
What is the primary therapeutic use of the loop diuretic furosemide (Lasix)?
Managing edema associated with heart failure or kidney disease
How does the mechanism of action of triamterene differ from that of spironolactone?
Triamterene directly inhibits the Na/K exchange, while spironolactone inhibits the Na-K pump
Test your knowledge on terms related to fluid volume & electrolytes, including Hypertonic, Isotonic, and Hypotonic solutions. Learn about electrolyte imbalances such as Potassium imbalance and the use of potassium chloride for treatment.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
