Fluid Volume & Electrolytes 2024 Tysak Terms Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which term is used to describe a solution with a higher concentration than plasma?

  • Isotonic
  • Hypotonic
  • Hypertonic (correct)
  • Normotonic
  • What is the primary treatment for low potassium levels?

  • Avoiding foods with potassium
  • Sodium polystyrene sulfonate
  • Dialysis
  • Potassium chloride (correct)
  • Which part of the nephron is responsible for the reabsorption of sodium and chloride?

  • Proximal convoluted tubule
  • Glomerulus
  • Distal convoluted tubule (correct)
  • Loop of Henle
  • What is the primary mechanism of action for diuretics?

    <p>Blocking sodium and chloride reabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diuretic is considered less potent and suitable for outpatient use?

    <p>Hydrochlorothiazide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the kidneys?

    <p>Both A and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe the complete absence of urine production?

    <p>Anuria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action for potassium-sparing diuretics like spironolactone?

    <p>Inhibiting the sodium-potassium pump</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a therapeutic use of spironolactone?

    <p>Diabetes mellitus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse effect is associated with the use of spironolactone?

    <p>Ototoxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between the mechanism of action of spironolactone and mannitol?

    <p>Spironolactone inhibits the sodium-potassium pump, while mannitol creates an osmotic force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug interaction is a concern with the use of spironolactone?

    <p>Digoxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary therapeutic use of mannitol?

    <p>Preventing renal failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about triamterene is correct?

    <p>It directly inhibits the sodium-potassium exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which precaution should be taken when prescribing spironolactone?

    <p>Caution in patients with renal or hepatic disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary site of action for thiazide diuretics?

    <p>Distal convoluted tubule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrolyte imbalance is commonly treated with oral and IV potassium chloride?

    <p>Hypokalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of diuretics that block sodium reabsorption in the nephron?

    <p>Reduction in fluid volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes a solution with a lower concentration than plasma?

    <p>Hypotonic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrolyte imbalance can be managed by avoiding potassium-rich foods and medications?

    <p>Hyperkalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of sodium polystyrene sulfonate in managing electrolyte imbalances?

    <p>Remove excess potassium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the nephron, what is the primary consequence of blocking sodium and chloride reabsorption in terms of urine production?

    <p>Increased urine output due to retained water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action for the potassium-sparing diuretic spironolactone?

    <p>Inhibits the Na-K pump, preventing potassium secretion in the tubule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary therapeutic use of the osmotic diuretic mannitol?

    <p>Preventing renal failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug interaction is a major concern with the use of spironolactone?

    <p>Increased risk of digoxin toxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which precaution should be taken when prescribing spironolactone?

    <p>Avoid use in patients with renal impairment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between the mechanism of action of spironolactone and mannitol?

    <p>Spironolactone inhibits the Na-K pump, while mannitol creates an osmotic force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse effect is commonly associated with the use of spironolactone?

    <p>Hyperkalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary therapeutic use of the loop diuretic furosemide (Lasix)?

    <p>Managing edema associated with heart failure or kidney disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the mechanism of action of triamterene differ from that of spironolactone?

    <p>Triamterene directly inhibits the Na/K exchange, while spironolactone inhibits the Na-K pump</p> Signup and view all the answers

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