Fluid Volume & Electrolytes Chapter 2024 Tysak: Hypertonic, Isotonic, Hypotonic & Potassium Imbalance

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What is the action of thiazide diuretics in the nephron?

Block Na & Cl in the loop of Henle

Block Na & Cl in the distal convoluted tubule (correct)

Increase water reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule

Increase Na reabsorption in the loop of Henle

Which solution has a concentration greater than plasma?

Isotonic solution

Hypertonic solution (correct)

Hyperosmolar solution

Hypotonic solution

What is the primary action of potassium chloride in treating low potassium levels?

Increase potassium excretion

Increase sodium retention

Block sodium reabsorption

Sodium and potassium regulation (correct)

Which electrolyte imbalance can be managed with sodium polystyrene sulfonate or dialysis?

Potassium imbalance Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of diuretics in managing fluid volume excess?

Block sodium and chloride reabsorption Signup and view all the answers

Which site of action for diuretics leads to more water excretion?

Loop of Henle Signup and view all the answers

What happens when sodium excretion increases in the nephron due to diuretic use?

Water reabsorption increases Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of loop diuretics?

Inhibits the Na-K pump Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is often treated using potassium-sparing diuretic spironolactone?

Hypertension Signup and view all the answers

What adverse effect is associated with loop diuretics?

Ototoxicity Signup and view all the answers

What drug interaction is mentioned for loop diuretics like furosemide?

Aspirin—reduces salicylic acid in the system Signup and view all the answers

Which diuretic has a different mechanism of action compared to loop and potassium-sparing diuretics?

Mannitol Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect of triamterene, a potassium-sparing diuretic?

Dizziness Signup and view all the answers

When should caution be taken when prescribing other diuretics according to the text?

Renal or hepatic disease, cardiovascular disease, Category C Signup and view all the answers

What effect does mannitol, an osmotic diuretic, have on intracranial pressure (ICP) according to the text?

Reduces ICP Signup and view all the answers

Fluid Volume & Electrolytes Chapter 2024 Tysak: Hypertonic, Isotonic, Hypotonic & Potassium Imbalance

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