Fluid-Retaining Hormones and Birth Weight

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Questions and Answers

What physiological change contributes to a reduction in the newborn's birth weight?

Increased maternal estrogen levels

Excessive amniotic fluid retention

Caloric surplus in maternal diet

Withdrawal of fluid-retaining maternal hormones (correct)

How long does it typically take for a breastfed newborn to recapture their birth weight?

3 days

14 days

7 days

10 days (correct)

What is the average weight gain per week for a newborn in their first six months of life?

4 to 6 oz

2 to 4 oz

6 to 8 oz (correct)

8 to 10 oz

What is the normal range of birth length for a newborn?

18 to 22 inches Signup and view all the answers

What critical measurement is taken to assess a newborn's neurologic involvement?

Head circumference Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of newborns experience effective sucking established at birth?

Variable and not yet established Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical monthly weight gain for a newborn during the first six months?

2 lb per month Signup and view all the answers

How much urine production typically increases (diuresis) after childbirth?

Significant increase Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of the vulva in female newborns?

It is usually swollen due to the effect of maternal hormones. Signup and view all the answers

What might a degree of hypotonicity or hypertonicity in a newborn indicate?

Central nervous system damage. Signup and view all the answers

What is pseudomenstruation in female newborns?

A blood-tinged vaginal secretion resulting from maternal hormones. Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical skin color of light-skinned newborns?

Pinkish red. Signup and view all the answers

What does the presence of lanugo indicate in newborns?

Sign of prematurity. Signup and view all the answers

What might slight tremors in a newborn suggest?

Possible drug withdrawal or hypoglycemia. Signup and view all the answers

What is acrocyanosis in newborns?

Normal peripheral cyanosis of hands and feet shortly after birth. Signup and view all the answers

How is vernix caseosa described in preterm newborns?

A cheesy white substance usually absent after 42 weeks. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary physiological changes a newborn experiences immediately after birth?

Adaptation of circulatory system to extrauterine oxygenation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a vital statistic measured in a newborn?

Blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

Which nursing intervention is crucial to facilitate the normal transition of a newborn?

Assessment of neurologic functions Signup and view all the answers

What must occur within 24 hours for a newborn to sustain life?

Established circulatory and respiratory functions Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the environment a newborn transitions from at birth?

Warm, snug, dark, and liquid-filled Signup and view all the answers

What is an important nursing outcome for assessing a newborn's growth and development?

Conducting routine evaluations with the family Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of nursing care focuses on the newborn's immediate care needs?

Application of appropriate nursing interventions Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the roles of nurses during the transition of a newborn?

To facilitate immediate assessments and care Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following disorders is currently included in the newborn screening program in the Philippines?

Phenylketonuria (PKU) Signup and view all the answers

What is the time frame within which newborn screening should ideally be conducted after birth?

24 to 48 hours after birth, but not later than 3 days Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of sample collection for the newborn screening test?

Heel prick Signup and view all the answers

Which agency is responsible for implementing the Newborn Screening Act of 2004 in the Philippines?

Department of Health Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of untreated metabolic disorders detected through newborn screening?

Mental retardation and/or death Signup and view all the answers

What additional disorders will be included in the expanded newborn screening program?

Hemoglobinopathies and additional metabolic disorders Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the newborn screening program?

To detect congenital metabolic disorders early Signup and view all the answers

Who can perform the newborn screening procedure?

Physicians, nurses, midwives, or medical technologists Signup and view all the answers

What does telangiectatic nevi look like?

Pale pink or red, flat dilated capillaries Signup and view all the answers

At what age do strawberry marks typically disappear?

By age 7-9 years Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the first period of reactivity in newborns?

The baby is alert and makes sucking sounds Signup and view all the answers

How does a newborn's physiological adjustment appear in the first few hours of life?

They may have irregular patterns of reactivity Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for a capillary hemangioma seen on newborns?

Strawberry mark Signup and view all the answers

What usually happens during the resting period following the first reactivity phase?

The baby sleeps and rates slow down Signup and view all the answers

What does a Mongolian spot typically look like?

Bluish-black pigmentation Signup and view all the answers

What is an important indicator of a newborn's neurological status during adjustment to extrauterine life?

Transition between reactivity periods Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Maternal Hormones and Newborn Weight

Withdrawal of maternal hormones contributes to a reduction in the newborn's birth weight.
Estrogen influences fluid retention, leading to changes in the baby's weight.
Diuresis occurs, resulting in increased urine output post-delivery.

Newborn Weight Dynamics

Initial weight loss is common; a newborn stabilizes weight one day after birth.
Breastfed infants typically regain birth weight within 10 days; formula-fed infants do so within 7 days.
Post-recovery, weight gain averages about 2 lbs per month (6 to 8 oz per week) for the first six months.

Measurement and Health Indicators

Normal birth length ranges from 18 to 22 inches (46 to 54 cm).
Head circumference is measured around the forehead to assess neurologic health.
Vital statistics include weight, length, head, and chest circumference.

Normal Newborn Characteristics

Female newborns may show swollen vulva due to maternal hormone effects, with possible pseudomenstruation (blood-tinged discharge).
Presence of anal opening is confirmed; newborns should pass stool within 24 hours.

Physical Assessment

A straight and flexed posture with a chin tucked on the upper chest is typical.
Extremities show full range of motion, symmetry, and clenched fists.
Skin color varies based on ethnicity; vernix caseosa can be present in preterm infants.

Changes in Skin and Other Birthmarks

Common skin conditions include milia (white spots) and desquamation (dry peeling).
Acrocyanosis, or peripheral cyanosis, usually normal in the first hours post-birth.
Types of birthmarks include telangiectatic nevi (stork bites) and nevus vasculosus (strawberry marks).

Physiological Adjustment to Birth

Newborns experience a transition period within the first 6 hours post-birth as systems stabilize.
The first period of reactivity sees the baby alert and exploring.
The second period of reactivity occurs between 2 to 6 hours of life, characterized by increased alertness.

Newborn Screening Program

The Philippines' Newborn Screening Program screens for six disorders, including congenital hypothyroidism and phenylketonuria, with plans for expanded testing.
Testing occurs 24 to 48 hours post-birth, involving blood collection from the heel.
Follow-up is essential if initial screenings suggest anomalies; referrals to specialists may be required for confirmed issues.

Nursing Care and Assessment

Nursing roles include assessing growth, development, and creating diagnoses related to newborns and families.
Immediate care needs focus on supporting normal transitions and effective breastfeeding initiation.
Regular evaluations are crucial for assessing the outcomes of nursing interventions.

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Description

This quiz explores the impact of maternal hormones that retain fluid and their potential effects on the baby's birth weight. Understand the physiological changes during pregnancy that can lead to variations in birth weight due to these hormonal influences.