Fluid Replacement Therapies Quiz

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What is the primary function of fluid in the body?

To provide a medium for nutrient transfer to cells

To regulate body temperature

To transfer waste from cells

All of the above (correct)

What are the consequences of hyponatremia?

Confusion and weakness (correct)

Peripheral edema

Irritability and seizures

Decreased cardiac output

What is hypovolemia and what are its potential consequences?

A loss of intracellular fluid volume, leading to a decrease in cardiac output and tissue perfusion

A loss of extracellular fluid volume, leading to a decrease in cardiac output and tissue perfusion (correct)

An increase in intracellular fluid volume, leading to pulmonary edema

An increase in extracellular fluid volume, leading to peripheral edema

What is the recommended oral rehydration therapy for moderately dehydrated children?

50-100 ml ORS solution for each diarrheal stool and 10 ml/kg body weight for each additional vomiting episode over a 4-hour period Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential consequences of overhydration?

Peripheral edema and pulmonary edema in severe cases Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of fluid and electrolyte replacement therapy?

To maintain homeostasis of the internal environment Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of hypotonic solutions?

Relocating body fluid tonically Signup and view all the answers

Which solution is often used in the treatment of hyperosmolar diabetes due to its balanced isotonic nature?

Lactated Ringer solution Signup and view all the answers

In what condition is 5% dextrose in water effective due to its rapid metabolism and conversion to an isotonic solution?

Dehydration Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential use of hypertonic saline (HTS) in resuscitation according to the text?

Promoting water channel hydration in damaged cells Signup and view all the answers

Which type of solution is good for fluid resuscitation, acute blood loss, and plasma loss due to burns or trauma?

Isotonic solution Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes hypotonic solutions from isotonic and hypertonic solutions?

'Lower osmolality than body fluids' definition Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of giving isotonic solutions like Lactated Ringers to patients losing both water and solute?

To maintain fluid balance like plasma Signup and view all the answers

What effect of hypotonic solutions makes them particularly useful when a patient has substantial salt losses?

'Hydrating cells' effect Signup and view all the answers

'5% dextrose in water' becomes effective for dehydration and shock due to what characteristic?

'Rapid metabolism of dextrose' Signup and view all the answers

'Isotonic fluid loss can be replaced with' which of the following solutions according to the text?

'Half-normal saline' Signup and view all the answers

Which solution is recommended by the World Health Organization for rehydration?

Oral rehydration solution (ORS) Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard amount of ORS to be given over the first 4-6 hours to a severely dehydrated child?

$50 ml/kg body weight Signup and view all the answers

For persistent diarrhea in non-breastfed infants, what is recommended in addition to ORS?

Mixed zinc and low osmolarity ORS Signup and view all the answers

What is the contraindication for the use of Ringer's lactate?

Fluid resuscitation in liver disease Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of using hypertonic saline solutions without proper care?

Increased hyperglycemia Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario should one switch to NGT or IV rehydration according to the text?

If no improvement is seen over a 4-6 hour period for severely dehydrated children Signup and view all the answers

What is the aim of giving ORS equal to 75 ml/kg body weight over the next 4 hours?

To prevent dehydration Signup and view all the answers

What should be continued for 2 days for the success of therapy according to the text?

Spoon feeding of ORS with supplementary zinc if available Signup and view all the answers

'Electrolyte-depleted patients were traditionally given hypertonic saline followed by dextrose solutions.' What was largely driven by this regime?

'the wish to avoid sodium losses often assumed to occur with normal or half-normal saline and/or the wish to administer high caloric loads from the glucidic solutions' Signup and view all the answers