Fluid Replacement Therapy for Electrolyte Imbalance

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What percentage of body weight is total body water?

70%

50%

80%

60% (correct)

What is the normal daily requirement of water for adults in terms of body weight?

24 to 72 mL/kg (correct)

48 to 144 mL/kg

12 to 36 mL/kg

96 to 288 mL/kg

Why is water administered parenterally as a solution with dextrose or electrolytes?

To increase the risk of water intoxication

To maintain isotonicity (correct)

To provide a source of energy

To make it easier to store and transport

What is the purpose of initial replacement therapy in patients with severe diarrhea or vomiting?

To initially administer greater amounts of water and electrolytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of body weight that is plasma water?

5% of body weight Signup and view all the answers

What is the blood volume in terms of body weight?

9% of body weight Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of severe potassium loss?

Death Signup and view all the answers

What can cause hyperkalemia?

Kidney failure Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended infusion rate for intermittent potassium replacement therapy in patients with hypokalemia?

10 mEq per hour Signup and view all the answers

Why must potassium preparations be diluted with a suitable large-volume parenteral solution?

To prevent fatalities from undiluted administration Signup and view all the answers

What is the most commonly used concentration of potassium chloride for continuous-infusion maintenance therapy?

20 to 40 mEq/L Signup and view all the answers

What is a symptom of potassium deficiency?

General weakness Signup and view all the answers

How does the total plasma calcium level vary?

With plasma albumin levels, but ionized calcium levels remain constant Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of maintenance fluid therapy?

Meeting ongoing sensible and insensible fluid losses Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between irrigation and dialysis solutions and parenteral preparations?

The method of administration Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of irrigation solutions?

To bathe or wash wounds or body tissues Signup and view all the answers

What factor determines the optimal fluid type for maintenance or replacement therapy?

Serum electrolytes, acid-base status, and concurrent administration of drugs and blood products Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Acetic acid irrigation, USP?

To wash blood and surgical debris away Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical packaging of irrigation and dialysis solutions?

Large containers with screw-cap Signup and view all the answers

What type of antibacterial properties does Neomycin and Polymyxin B sulfates solution for irrigation, USP possess?

Topical antibacterial Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of Ringer's irrigation, USP?

Sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and calcium chloride Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of labeling Ringer's irrigation, USP as 'NOT FOR INJECTION'?

To prevent accidental injection Signup and view all the answers

What is the common purpose of Neomycin and Polymyxin B sulfates solution for irrigation, USP and Ringer's irrigation, USP?

To irrigate the bladder Signup and view all the answers

What is the common characteristic of all the irrigation solutions mentioned?

They are all sterile and pyrogen-free Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern when administering drugs in small quantities?

Increased percentage loss of the drug due to adsorption Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to use specific materials for administering Nitroglycerin (NTG)?

To prevent adsorption to PVC Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using short lengths of small diameter tubing in parenteral therapy?

To minimize the loss of drug due to adsorption Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern in I.V. admixture?

Stability and incompatibility Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of hemodialysis?

To remove toxins from the blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between maintenance replacement therapy and initial replacement therapy?

Purpose of the therapy Signup and view all the answers