30 Questions
What percentage of body weight is total body water?
60%
What is the normal daily requirement of water for adults in terms of body weight?
24 to 72 mL/kg
Why is water administered parenterally as a solution with dextrose or electrolytes?
To maintain isotonicity
What is the purpose of initial replacement therapy in patients with severe diarrhea or vomiting?
To initially administer greater amounts of water and electrolytes
What is the percentage of body weight that is plasma water?
5% of body weight
What is the blood volume in terms of body weight?
9% of body weight
What is a potential consequence of severe potassium loss?
Death
What can cause hyperkalemia?
Kidney failure
What is the recommended infusion rate for intermittent potassium replacement therapy in patients with hypokalemia?
10 mEq per hour
Why must potassium preparations be diluted with a suitable large-volume parenteral solution?
To prevent fatalities from undiluted administration
What is the most commonly used concentration of potassium chloride for continuous-infusion maintenance therapy?
20 to 40 mEq/L
What is a symptom of potassium deficiency?
General weakness
How does the total plasma calcium level vary?
With plasma albumin levels, but ionized calcium levels remain constant
What is the primary focus of maintenance fluid therapy?
Meeting ongoing sensible and insensible fluid losses
What is a key difference between irrigation and dialysis solutions and parenteral preparations?
The method of administration
What is the purpose of irrigation solutions?
To bathe or wash wounds or body tissues
What factor determines the optimal fluid type for maintenance or replacement therapy?
Serum electrolytes, acid-base status, and concurrent administration of drugs and blood products
What is the purpose of Acetic acid irrigation, USP?
To wash blood and surgical debris away
What is the typical packaging of irrigation and dialysis solutions?
Large containers with screw-cap
What type of antibacterial properties does Neomycin and Polymyxin B sulfates solution for irrigation, USP possess?
Topical antibacterial
What are the components of Ringer's irrigation, USP?
Sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and calcium chloride
What is the purpose of labeling Ringer's irrigation, USP as 'NOT FOR INJECTION'?
To prevent accidental injection
What is the common purpose of Neomycin and Polymyxin B sulfates solution for irrigation, USP and Ringer's irrigation, USP?
To irrigate the bladder
What is the common characteristic of all the irrigation solutions mentioned?
They are all sterile and pyrogen-free
What is the primary concern when administering drugs in small quantities?
Increased percentage loss of the drug due to adsorption
Why is it essential to use specific materials for administering Nitroglycerin (NTG)?
To prevent adsorption to PVC
What is the purpose of using short lengths of small diameter tubing in parenteral therapy?
To minimize the loss of drug due to adsorption
What is the primary concern in I.V. admixture?
Stability and incompatibility
What is the primary purpose of hemodialysis?
To remove toxins from the blood
What is the difference between maintenance replacement therapy and initial replacement therapy?
Purpose of the therapy
This quiz assesses your understanding of fluid replacement therapy, including water requirements, electrolyte balance, and treatment strategies for patients with severe diarrhea or vomiting. Test your knowledge of total body water, intracellular water, extracellular water, and plasma water percentages. Learn how to provide initial and maintenance therapy for patients with electrolyte imbalance.
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