18 Questions
What type of flow is characterized by a Froude number less than 1?
subcritical flow
What is the classification of flow based on the Froude number?
supercritical, subcritical, and critical flow
When does non-uniform flow occur in a channel?
when there is a change in cross-section or obstruction
What is the condition for critical flow in open channels?
Froude number is equal to 1
What is the term for the flow that has a Froude number greater than 1?
supercritical flow
What is the characteristic of supercritical flow in open channels?
Froude number is greater than 1
What is the primary characteristic of uniform flow in open channels?
The cross-section shape and size remain constant
What happens when the bottom slope, cross-section shape, and/or cross-section size change in a reach of channel?
Non-uniform flow occurs
What is the classification of non-uniform flow in open channels?
It can be divided into two types
In which part of the open channel does uniform flow exist?
In a portion of the channel called reach
What happens when the bottom slope, cross-section shape, and size become constant in a downstream reach of channel?
Uniform flow conditions will occur again
What is the main difference between uniform and non-uniform flow?
The fluid properties change from point to point
What type of flow occurs when changes in velocity and depth of flow take place over a long distance of the channel?
Gradually varied flow
What type of flow occurs when changes in velocity and depth of flow occur over a short distance in the channel?
Rapidly varied flow
What type of flow occurs when the flow parameters change with respect to both time and space?
Unsteady non-uniform flow
What is an example of unsteady non-uniform flow?
A wave traveling along a channel
What is the purpose of an apron in dam construction?
To protect erosion at the toe of the dam
What is the result of a hydraulic jump?
A discontinuity in the water surface characterized by turbulence and eddies
Solve a complex problem in fluid mechanics and hydraulics involving flow rates, cross-sectional areas, and Froude numbers. Apply mathematical formulas to calculate discharge, velocity, and other parameters. Practice your problem-solving skills in this challenging quiz.
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