Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics Basics

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What is the primary advantage of using tubes over hoses in hydraulic systems?

They require less space and provide better protection to the lines (correct)

They are more flexible

They are easier to install

They are more resistant to pressure variations

What is the primary function of hydraulic hoses in a system?

To store hydraulic oil

To absorb vibration and resist pressure variations (correct)

To provide a seal between components

To filter out air from the oil

What is the main function of a hydraulic oil tank in a system?

To remove heat from the oil

To increase the pressure of the system

To filter out air from the oil

To store oil and ensure there is enough oil for the system's requirements (correct)

What is a crucial characteristic of a hydraulic oil tank?

It must have sufficient strength and adequate capacity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a breather in a hydraulic oil tank?

To allow air to enter the tank (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a sight glass in a hydraulic oil tank?

To monitor the oil level (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of fluids in a hydraulic system?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental principle behind hydraulic force creating a mechanical advantage?

Pascal's Law (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of fluid flow that occurs when the fluid flows in smooth, continuous layers?

Laminar flow (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of pressure drop across a series circuit in a hydraulic system?

Decreased pressure at the output (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of fluid power in hydraulic systems?

Force transmission, multiplication, and direction change (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of measurement used to express pressure in hydraulic systems?

Pascal (Pa) (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of having two inlet and two outlet ports accessed per revolution in a pump?

The displacement of the pump is equal to twice the amount of fluid that is pumped by the vanes moving from one inlet to outlet. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main designs of piston pumps?

Axial and radial piston pumps (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the swashplate in a piston pump?

Not mentioned in the text (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between fixed and variable displacement axial piston pumps?

Their housing design and output characteristics (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the part that distributes the fluid in a piston pump?

Port plate (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the common feature of piston pumps and motors?

Their basic operation and efficiency (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the general symbol used to represent a fluid filter?

An empty diamond (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does a dashed vertical line inside the basic symbol represent?

The filtering media (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does a horizontal line drawn across the bottom portion of the symbol represent?

Separated matter that has settled to the bottom (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a hydraulic pump?

To supply the hydraulic system with a sufficient flow of oil (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does a short line extending from the bottom of the symbol represent?

A manual drain (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is used to represent an automatic drain?

A small V below the horizontal separation line (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of chrome plating the cylinder rod?

To provide a positive seal between the rod surface and the rod end seals (B) Signup and view all the answers

How many locations are there in a cylinder where motion occurs and fluid needs to be sealed?

Two (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the initial compression in a rod seal?

To hold the seal against the rod surface (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the coil spring in a lip seal?

To provide initial lip contact to the sliding surface (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the common design of a rod seal?