Fluid Dynamics/LaPlace

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What property of a fluid resists flow?

Gravity

Density

Pressure

Viscosity (correct)

In which type of flow do all molecules travel in a parallel path within the tube?

Compressible flow

Transition flow

Turbulent flow

Laminar flow (correct)

What does Poiseuille's Law state about the relationship between flow and radius?

$F$ is inversely proportional to $r^2$

$F$ is directly proportional to $r^2$

$F$ is inversely proportional to $r$

$F$ is exponentially proportional to $r$ (correct)

What determines whether a fluid will resist compression?

Density Signup and view all the answers

What does Bernoulli's Principle describe about fluid behavior?

The relationship between fluid pressure and velocity Signup and view all the answers

What does Reynolds Number help to distinguish in fluid dynamics?

The transition from laminar to turbulent flow Signup and view all the answers

According to Poiseuille’s Law, how does the flow rate (F) change with the radius (r) of the tube?

Flow rate is directly proportional to the fourth power of the radius ($r^4$) Signup and view all the answers

What factor increases flow by a factor of 16 according to Poiseuille’s Law?

Doubling the radius Signup and view all the answers

What is the critical Reynolds number for determining when flow becomes turbulent?

> 2000 Signup and view all the answers

According to Bernoulli’s Principle, what happens to the pressure as the velocity of flow increases?

Decreases Signup and view all the answers

In which clinical application is Bernoulli's Theorem useful?

Echocardiography: Estimate cardiac output Signup and view all the answers

What does Laplace's Law describe the relationship of fluids to?

Tension, Pressure, and Radius Signup and view all the answers

According to Laplace's Law, how does tension (T) relate to pressure (P) and radius (r) for a sphere?

$2T = Pr$ Signup and view all the answers

What does Pascal's Principle describe about pressure applied to a confined fluid?

It is transmitted unchanged throughout the entire system Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Laplace's Law, what factor increases wall tension for a cylinder?

Increased radius Signup and view all the answers

In the absence of surfactant, what is the pressure in small alveoli with a radius of 1?

4 Signup and view all the answers

What does the distensibility of the anesthesia machine reservoir bag protect from?

High pressures in the breathing system Signup and view all the answers

What is surface tension?

The cumulative effect of intermolecular forces within a substance against unbalanced forces at a fluid interface Signup and view all the answers

What does surfactant do to surface tension in alveoli?

Surfactant breaks surface tension, leading to an equal distribution of water molecules Signup and view all the answers

What remains the same in healthy tissue regarding surfactant?

The concentration of surfactant Signup and view all the answers