20 Questions
What property of a fluid resists flow?
Viscosity
In which type of flow do all molecules travel in a parallel path within the tube?
Laminar flow
What does Poiseuille's Law state about the relationship between flow and radius?
$F$ is exponentially proportional to $r$
What determines whether a fluid will resist compression?
Density
What does Bernoulli's Principle describe about fluid behavior?
The relationship between fluid pressure and velocity
What does Reynolds Number help to distinguish in fluid dynamics?
The transition from laminar to turbulent flow
According to Poiseuille’s Law, how does the flow rate (F) change with the radius (r) of the tube?
Flow rate is directly proportional to the fourth power of the radius ($r^4$)
What factor increases flow by a factor of 16 according to Poiseuille’s Law?
Doubling the radius
What is the critical Reynolds number for determining when flow becomes turbulent?
> 2000
According to Bernoulli’s Principle, what happens to the pressure as the velocity of flow increases?
Decreases
In which clinical application is Bernoulli's Theorem useful?
Echocardiography: Estimate cardiac output
What does Laplace's Law describe the relationship of fluids to?
Tension, Pressure, and Radius
According to Laplace's Law, how does tension (T) relate to pressure (P) and radius (r) for a sphere?
$2T = Pr$
What does Pascal's Principle describe about pressure applied to a confined fluid?
It is transmitted unchanged throughout the entire system
In the context of Laplace's Law, what factor increases wall tension for a cylinder?
Increased radius
In the absence of surfactant, what is the pressure in small alveoli with a radius of 1?
4
What does the distensibility of the anesthesia machine reservoir bag protect from?
High pressures in the breathing system
What is surface tension?
The cumulative effect of intermolecular forces within a substance against unbalanced forces at a fluid interface
What does surfactant do to surface tension in alveoli?
Surfactant breaks surface tension, leading to an equal distribution of water molecules
What remains the same in healthy tissue regarding surfactant?
The concentration of surfactant
Test your understanding of fluid dynamics and hydrostatics concepts relevant to anesthesia in this quiz. Topics covered include fluid mechanics, Poiseuille’s Law, Reynold’s Number, laminar vs turbulent flow, Bernoulli’s Principle, the Venturi Effect, and hydrostatics for liquids and gases.
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