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Fluid Distribution and Edema Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What happens when there is an elevation of solutes like urea, unlike an elevation in plasma sodium concentration?

It causes cellular hydration and does not activate mechanisms to defend body fluid homeostasis.

It causes cellular hydration and activates mechanisms to defend body fluid homeostasis.

It does not cause cellular dehydration and does not activate mechanisms to defend body fluid homeostasis. (correct)

It causes cellular dehydration and activates mechanisms to defend body fluid homeostasis.

Which of the following solutes are considered effective solutes?

Urea and ethanol

Glucose at normal physiologic plasma concentrations

Sodium (Na+) and mannitol (correct)

Methanol and glucose under insulin deficiency

What happens when glucose is administered under conditions of impaired cellular uptake, such as insulin deficiency?

Glucose acts as an ineffective solute.

Glucose acts as an effective extracellular solute. (correct)

Glucose does not create any osmotic pressure gradients.

Glucose is equally distributed across cell membranes.

Which of the following statements about osmolality is correct?

Osmolality is the concentration of all solutes, both permeable and impermeable, in a given weight of water. Signup and view all the answers

What happens when hypotonic fluid is administered intravenously?

It causes cellular hydration and a decrease in extracellular fluid volume. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is associated with an increase in extracellular fluid volume?

Edema Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for administering isotonic saline intravenously?

To maintain extracellular fluid volume Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is characterized by a decrease in serum sodium concentration?

Hyponatremia Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which the body defends against changes in osmolality?

Regulation of water intake and excretion Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following solutes is considered unique in terms of its osmotic behavior?

Glucose Signup and view all the answers