Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a clinical sign associated with imbalances in fluids and electrolytes?

  • Decreased central venous pressure
  • Edema/Swelling
  • Headache
  • Increased urine volume (correct)
  • Which of the following mechanisms is responsible for water/fluid loss?

  • Excretion (correct)
  • Increased water uptake into cells
  • Alcohol intake
  • Kidney's role in fluid homeostasis
  • Which fluid compartment is NOT part of the extracellular compartment?

  • Lymphatic fluid (correct)
  • Interstitial fluid
  • Intravascular fluid
  • Total body water
  • Which of the following is responsible for the movement of water and solutes from the blood into urine?

    <p>Secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?

    <p>Producing red blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) for women?

    <p>120 mL/min/1.73m²</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total amount of filtrate formed by all the nephrons in both kidneys per minute?

    <p>130 mL/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which formula is commonly used to estimate kidney function?

    <p>Cockcroft-Gault formula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating estimated creatinine clearance (eCrCL)?

    <p>eCrCL (mL/min) = (140-age)/(scr mg/dl)* 0.85 (only if female)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrolyte is responsible for maintaining cell integrity, neuromuscular activity, and regulating endocrine secretory activities?

    <p>Calcium (Ca2+)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia?

    <p>Agitation, headache, muscle cramps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is responsible for the movement of water and solutes from the urine back into the blood stream?

    <p>Reabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average total body water (TBW) in liters for an average person?

    <p>42 liters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of total body water (TBW) is made up by the extracellular volume?

    <p>1/3%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is responsible for transport across the capillary wall along with vesicular transport?

    <p>Diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of ion channels in passive transport?

    <p>They open or close in response to environmental signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main electrolyte responsible for maintaining cell integrity, neuromuscular activity, and regulating endocrine secretory activities?

    <p>Potassium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the kidneys?

    <p>Regulate serum pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) for women?

    <p>120 mL/min/1.73m²</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net movement of fluid near the midpoint of the capillary?

    <p>No net movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following formulas is commonly used to estimate kidney function?

    <p>Cockcroft-Gault formula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following electrolytes is responsible for maintaining cell integrity, neuromuscular activity, and regulating endocrine secretory activities?

    <p>Calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating estimated creatinine clearance (eCrCL)?

    <p>(140-age)/(scr mg/dl)* 0.85</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following signs and symptoms are associated with hypercalcemia?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following signs and symptoms are associated with hypocalcemia?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is responsible for the movement of water and solutes from the blood into urine?

    <p>Glomerulus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?

    <p>Producing insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a clinical sign associated with imbalances in fluids and electrolytes?

    <p>Seizures, Vomiting, Hypernatremia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) for women?

    <p>73 mL/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fluid compartment is NOT part of the extracellular compartment?

    <p>Intracellular fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a clinical sign associated with imbalances in fluids and electrolytes?

    <p>Headache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is responsible for the movement of water and solutes from the blood into urine?

    <p>Kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a mechanism responsible for water/fluid loss?

    <p>Excretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is responsible for maintaining cell integrity, neuromuscular activity, and regulating endocrine secretory activities?

    <p>Calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia?

    <p>Headache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the kidneys in fluid homeostasis?

    <p>Regulate water reabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fluid compartment is NOT part of the extracellular compartment?

    <p>Lymph</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a systemic marker that could give insight into fluid homeostasis?

    <p>Blood volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

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