Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a clinical sign associated with imbalances in fluids and electrolytes?

  • Decreased central venous pressure
  • Edema/Swelling
  • Headache
  • Increased urine volume (correct)

Which of the following mechanisms is responsible for water/fluid loss?

  • Excretion (correct)
  • Increased water uptake into cells
  • Alcohol intake
  • Kidney's role in fluid homeostasis

Which fluid compartment is NOT part of the extracellular compartment?

  • Lymphatic fluid (correct)
  • Interstitial fluid
  • Intravascular fluid
  • Total body water

Which of the following is responsible for the movement of water and solutes from the blood into urine?

<p>Secretion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?

<p>Producing red blood cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) for women?

<p>120 mL/min/1.73m² (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total amount of filtrate formed by all the nephrons in both kidneys per minute?

<p>130 mL/min (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which formula is commonly used to estimate kidney function?

<p>Cockcroft-Gault formula (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating estimated creatinine clearance (eCrCL)?

<p>eCrCL (mL/min) = (140-age)/(scr mg/dl)* 0.85 (only if female) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which electrolyte is responsible for maintaining cell integrity, neuromuscular activity, and regulating endocrine secretory activities?

<p>Calcium (Ca2+) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia?

<p>Agitation, headache, muscle cramps (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is responsible for the movement of water and solutes from the urine back into the blood stream?

<p>Reabsorption (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average total body water (TBW) in liters for an average person?

<p>42 liters (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of total body water (TBW) is made up by the extracellular volume?

<p>1/3% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is responsible for transport across the capillary wall along with vesicular transport?

<p>Diffusion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of ion channels in passive transport?

<p>They open or close in response to environmental signals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main electrolyte responsible for maintaining cell integrity, neuromuscular activity, and regulating endocrine secretory activities?

<p>Potassium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the kidneys?

<p>Regulate serum pH (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) for women?

<p>120 mL/min/1.73m² (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the net movement of fluid near the midpoint of the capillary?

<p>No net movement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following formulas is commonly used to estimate kidney function?

<p>Cockcroft-Gault formula (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following electrolytes is responsible for maintaining cell integrity, neuromuscular activity, and regulating endocrine secretory activities?

<p>Calcium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating estimated creatinine clearance (eCrCL)?

<p>(140-age)/(scr mg/dl)* 0.85 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following signs and symptoms are associated with hypercalcemia?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following signs and symptoms are associated with hypocalcemia?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is responsible for the movement of water and solutes from the blood into urine?

<p>Glomerulus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?

<p>Producing insulin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a clinical sign associated with imbalances in fluids and electrolytes?

<p>Seizures, Vomiting, Hypernatremia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) for women?

<p>73 mL/min (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fluid compartment is NOT part of the extracellular compartment?

<p>Intracellular fluid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a clinical sign associated with imbalances in fluids and electrolytes?

<p>Headache (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is responsible for the movement of water and solutes from the blood into urine?

<p>Kidney (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism responsible for water/fluid loss?

<p>Excretion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is responsible for maintaining cell integrity, neuromuscular activity, and regulating endocrine secretory activities?

<p>Calcium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia?

<p>Headache (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the kidneys in fluid homeostasis?

<p>Regulate water reabsorption (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fluid compartment is NOT part of the extracellular compartment?

<p>Lymph (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a systemic marker that could give insight into fluid homeostasis?

<p>Blood volume (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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