Fluid and Electrolyte Balance in Children

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Questions and Answers

Why do infants have a higher rate of metabolism compared to adults?

  • Infants have a slower respiratory rate than adults.
  • Infants have a smaller extracellular fluid volume.
  • Infants have a higher BMR to support cellular and tissue growth. (correct)
  • Infants have a lower BSA in relation to the mass of active tissue.

How does infants' faster respiratory rate affect fluid balance?

  • It decreases the need for excretion of metabolic wastes.
  • It reduces the production of metabolic wastes.
  • It causes more water loss through breathing. (correct)
  • It leads to increased water retention.

What contributes to infants having a greater need for water for excretion?

  • Low extracellular fluid volume.
  • Higher basal metabolism rate (BMR). (correct)
  • Smaller body surface area (BSA).
  • Lower metabolic rate.

Why does any condition that increases metabolism lead to an increased need for water?

<p>It causes more insensible fluid loss and heat production. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the body surface area (BSA) of infants relate to their rate of metabolism?

<p>Infants have a smaller BSA compared to adults, resulting in a lower metabolism rate. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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