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Questions and Answers

What is the main goal of Statistical Process Control (SPC)?

  • To increase process variation
  • To create a detailed flowchart
  • To stabilize the process and meet customer requirements (correct)
  • To focus on recognizing improvements

What is the purpose of using small Post-it® notes on a flowchart?

  • To make the process less changeable
  • To limit the number of decisions and activities
  • To demonstrate process improvements
  • To increase clarity and ease of change (correct)

When can improvement efforts begin in a process?

  • Before stabilizing the process
  • After stabilizing and making the process predictable (correct)
  • Before meeting customer requirements
  • After implementing the process indicators

What is the significance of control charts and histograms in a process?

<p>To demonstrate improvements in the process (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should detailed sub-processes be managed in a flowchart?

<p>Move them to additional pages (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where should every person or department involved in delivering the product or service be listed on a flowchart?

<p>Across the top of the flowchart (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two outcomes for any improvement effort?

<p>Center the distribution over the target value and reduce the spread of the distribution. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do customers specify their requirements for targets and tolerances?

<p>Target and a bilateral tolerance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are specification limits used to determine?

<p>Goal posts and process capability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are control limits in control charts different from specification limits?

<p>Control limits are based on customer expectations, while specification limits focus on process capability. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three key characteristics of distributions mentioned in the text?

<p>Center, spread, and shape (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can you monitor the outcomes of improvement efforts according to the text?

<p>By analyzing histograms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a shape parameter of less than 1 in failure rate describe?

<p>Decreasing failure rate (infant mortality) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a shape parameter of 3.6 in failure rate approximate?

<p>Normal distribution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the scale parameter (characteristic life) signify?

<p>Age at which 63.2% of units will have failed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can one determine when a certain percent of parts will have failed using Weibull Probability Plot?

<p>Using specification limits (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the given example, what percentage of parts will have failed by time 27?

<p>10% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can one calculate the actual defect rate in parts per million (PPM)?

<p>Using the standard deviation and specification limits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Cpk measure in statistical process control?

<p>If data fits between the upper and lower specification limits (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If Cp is less than Cpk, what does it indicate?

<p>Data is centered but does not fit between the spec limits (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Pp and Ppk in statistical process control?

<p>Pp uses an estimation of standard deviation, while Ppk uses the actual standard deviation of the data (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In statistical process control, what does Weibull analysis excel at?

<p>Working well with failure rates and small samples (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What corrective action should be taken if Cp = Cpk and both are between 1.0 and 1.33?

<p>Improve the process to reduce variation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of data is Weibull analysis especially suited for?

<p>Failure rates data (e.g., time until failure) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the XbarS chart?

<p>To monitor and evaluate process performance using time, length, weight, or cost when there are 6–25 samples per period (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to view charts for each data set in the X Chart Formulas Data Input Sheet?

<p>Click on the arrows (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is the Xmr or c, p, u, np chart dashboard opened?

<p>After entering data into the data input sheet (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the control chart dashboards in QI Macros contain?

<p>An instruction sheet, a data input sheet, and a sheet for each available control chart and a run chart (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of chart is used to monitor and evaluate process performance when there are more than 25 samples per period?

<p>Range Chart (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken to create a dashboard with each available control chart?

<p>Click on the Create Dashboard icon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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