Floor Systems in Construction

<p>To develop embedment length for anchorage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Top bar (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As plate structures to span structural bays (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plastics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>30° or more (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1/360th of span (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>8 feet intervals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Each floor is framed separately (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It relies on finish materials for protection. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The end of an intersecting beam (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bridging according to some building codes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To anchor wooden beams or joists (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Span / 16 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tendons are clamped on one end and jacked on the other. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>May be unbonded or bonded by grout injection. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is suitable for long, narrow buildings with column-free spaces. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inverted Tee Beams (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are lightweight and shop-fabricated. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To use the lightest section resisting bending and shear forces. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Triple Beam System (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They contain voids to reduce weight while maintaining strength. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Structural support (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They only carry their own weight. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bearing walls support part of the house. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To oppose loads along its axis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Non-bearing partitions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Girders and other partitions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decorative purposes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Supports vertical loads in addition to dividing space (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide structural support during construction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are generally lighter and more dimensionally stable (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>6 inches or more (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Color of the wood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They enable the panels to act together with the joists as integral units (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Non-bearing partition without a ceiling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Laminating stress-grade lumber with adhesive (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parallel strand lumber (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They simplify the construction process (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thickness of members and direction of load (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To create an overhang beyond the wall line (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Potential savings in material and labor costs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Subflooring (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water-resistant adhesive under heat and pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shear plate or split-ring connectors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>For both structural integrity and visual reasons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Floor systems are structural components that transfer horizontal loads from the floor to supporting beams, columns, or walls.

Live loads are forces exerted by movable objects such as people, furniture, and equipment.

Dead loads are static forces exerted by the weight of the floor itself and its construction materials.

Concrete beams are structural elements made of reinforced concrete that resist bending forces.

Reinforcing bars, also called rebar, are steel rods embedded in concrete to provide tensile strength. These bars are usually placed along the length of the beam and within the web of the beam.

Top bars are longitudinal reinforcing bars located in the top portion of a concrete beam, resisting tension forces in the section subjected to negative bending moments.

Bottom bars are longitudinal reinforcing bars located in the bottom part of a concrete beam, resisting tension forces in the section subjected to positive bending moments.

Bent bars are longitudinal reinforcing bars that are bent at an angle to resist diagonal tension, which can occur as a result of shearing forces.

Stirrups are U-shaped or closed-loop reinforcing bars placed perpendicular to the longitudinal bars in a concrete beam. They provide resistance to the vertical component of shearing forces.

Hooks are bends at the end of tension bars to develop an equivalent embedment length for anchorage. They help prevent the reinforcing bars from pulling out.

Concrete slabs are flat, reinforced concrete plates used as floor coverings or structural components. They can span one or two directions.

A post-tensioning process where tendons are secured and stressed against the concrete to induce compressive force and increase the strength of the structure. This technique is commonly used in concrete structures for improved strength and durability.

A method of precast concrete construction where units are cast and cured in a factory before being transported to the construction site and erected using cranes. This method offers advantages of speed, precision, and reduced on-site labor.

Precast concrete units that are solid and flat, providing a basic building block for floors and roofs.

Precast concrete units with hollow cores, contributing to lighter weight and potential for running utilities through the cores.

Structural steel elements used to support loads and create a skeleton frame for buildings. These beams can be made from various shapes and materials, adapting to different needs and loads.

A system of beams used in construction where each long beam is supported by external columns, creating a long span without internal columns. Ideal for large, open spaces.

Open-web steel joists are lightweight, shop-fabricated steel members having a truss-like configuration. They are used for supporting floors and roofs in buildings.

A structural system that uses wooden joists to support a floor's weight. These joists run horizontally, evenly spaced, and usually span the entire width of the structure.

A construction technique where each floor level is framed independently using studs or support posts that run from the bottom to the top of the same floor.

A construction method where studs extend the full height of the building from foundation to roof, creating a continuous structure.

A recessed space designed to hold the end of a beam in a concrete, masonry, or column wall.

Metal or wooden cross-bracing between joists, typically placed at 8' intervals. It helps prevent joist deflection and adds support.

A method of estimating joist depth by dividing the span (the distance between supports) by 16.

The maximum deflection of a joist should not exceed 1/360th of its span. This prevents excessive sagging and ensures structural integrity.

A metal or wooden piece used to anchor wooden beams or joists. They provide support and a secure connection between the joist and the supporting structure.

Wooden beams are structural components used for support in roofs, decks, floors, and ceilings. They can also serve decorative purposes.

Steel beams are structural elements that resist loads applied to their sides, effectively redirecting the force.

A non-bearing partition is a dividing wall that does not support any weight other than its own.

A bearing partition is a dividing wall that supports part of the house's structural weight.

Bearing partitions parallel to joists must be supported by structures like beams, girders, doubled joists, walls, or other bearing partitions.

Joists are long, narrow pieces of wood used to support floors and ceilings. They are typically spaced 16 inches apart.

A ledger is a horizontal piece of wood attached to a wall or beam, providing support for joists.

A splice is a joint where two pieces of lumber are joined together.

Subflooring is a structural material that spans across floor joists, serving as a working platform during construction and providing a base for the finish flooring.

Gluing subfloor underlayment panels to joists allows them to work together, creating strong, integrated beams.

Prefabricated joists and trusses are pre-engineered wood structures that are lighter than standard lumber and provide more consistent dimensions, making them efficient for framing floors.

Solid-sawn heavy timber members are often used in post and beam construction, making them sturdy and long-lasting.

Solid-sawn lumber is oversized structural softwood lumber with a minimum cross-sectional dimension of 6 inches.

A type of structural lumber made by laminating stress-grade lumber together with adhesive under controlled conditions, often with the grain of all plies running parallel.

A structural wood product made by bonding long, narrow wood strands together under heat and pressure using a waterproof adhesive.

A structural lumber product made by bonding layers of wood veneers together under heat and pressure using a waterproof adhesive.

The size and number of bolts required for a connection depend on multiple factors such as the thickness of the wood beams, the species of wood, the load's magnitude and direction, and the use of metal connectors.

Shear plates or split-ring connectors can be used instead of multiple bolts to improve stress distribution when there's limited space for bolts.

A floor system that features a grid of structural beams and posts, allowing for longer spans and potential cost savings.

The beam grid in a plank-and-beam framing system must align with the location of interior partitions for both structural integrity and aesthetic reasons.

Floor framing where wood joists run across the width of the building, providing support for the floor.