Flight Planning and Meteorology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are the lowest cloud conditions forecast for JOHANNESBURG/JAN SMUTS at 0300 UTC?

  • 3 to 4 at 400
  • 3 to 4 at 800
  • 5 to 7 at 800
  • 5 to 7 at 400 (correct)

    • Which best describes the weather at Lyon/Satolas at 1330 UTC?

  • Light rain associated with thunderstorms (correct)
  • Fog
  • Nil
  • Frequent rain showers

    • What is the total time for which the weather is forecast for Birmingham?

  • 18 hours
  • 28 hours (correct)
  • 24 hours
  • 9 hours

    • What information does the METAR for LYON/SATOLAS on the 121330Z report indicate about visibility?

    <p>Visibility is 9000 meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of weather phenomena is indicated by the ' –TSRA' in the TAF for Lyon/Satolas?

    <p>Rain showers with thunderstorms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is the forecast change from wind variability to a consistent direction for Lyon/Satolas?

    <p>From 1200 UTC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the forecast for Birmingham, what does the abbreviation 'BECMG' signify?

    <p>Changing conditions expected</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What maximum windspeed (kt) is forecast for BORDEAUX/MERIGNAC AT 1600 UTC?

    <p>37 kt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum wind velocity reported over Italy at FL380?

    <p>A maximum of 110 kt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which significant weather is forecasted to the southwest of Bodo?

    <p>5 to 7 oktas CU and CB base below FL100, tops FL180</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which flight level is significant cloud, icing, and CAT not forecast?

    <p>FL250</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the forecast wind direction and velocity at 50N 040E?

    <p>020/70</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nature of the surface weather system over London?

    <p>Occluded front moving east</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What headwind component is estimated along the true course 270° at Mach 0.78?

    <p>40 kt headwind component</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the surface wind velocity (o/kt) at PARIS/CHARLES-DE-GAULLE at 1330 UTC?

    <p>270/04</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What minimum visibility is forecast for London LHR at 0600 UTC?

    <p>1500 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which flight level is the tropopause located in Warsaw?

    <p>FL330</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of precipitation is forecast for BORDEAUX/MERIGNAC at 1000 UTC?

    <p>light rain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option describes the visibilities affecting Tunis at 1330 UTC?

    <p>Smoke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What minimum visibility is forecast for PARIS/CHARLES-DE-GAULLE at 2100 UTC?

    <p>6000 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What best describes the weather forecast for JOHANNESBURG/JAN SMUTS at 0400 UTC?

    <p>patches of fog</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is forecast to affect visibility for TUNIS?

    <p>Smoke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum wind velocity (o/kt) immediately north of TUNIS?

    <p>190/95</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes the maximum intensity of turbulence at FL260 over TOULOUSE?

    <p>severe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which best describes the significant cloud forecast over TOULOUSE?

    <p>broken AC/CU base below FL100 tops FL150, embedded isolated CB base below FL100 tops FL270</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the lowest height of the tropopause on the whole chart?

    <p>FL220</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes the intensity of icing at FL150 in the vicinity of TOULOUSE?

    <p>moderate or severe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with moderate clear air turbulence (CAT)?

    <p>Moderate CAT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the strongest wind speed and altitude associated with the jet stream on the chart?

    <p>160 kt at FL320</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a METAR report, what does the abbreviation 'NOSIG' signify?

    <p>No significant weather</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate mean wind velocity expected at FL300 from Oslo to London?

    <p>236/45</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected temperature at FL260 from Oslo to London?

    <p>-43oC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the wind velocity over position S in Ireland?

    <p>330/60</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the lowest flight level over PALMA that is unaffected by clear air turbulence?

    <p>260</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the temperature deviation from ISA over 50oN 010oE?

    <p>+2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the earliest time (UTC) that thunderstorms are forecast for Dubai (OMDB)?

    <p>1400</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the likely mean temperature (°C) on a course of 360° from 40°N to 50°N at 040°E?

    <p>-47</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the W/V (°/kt) at 50°N 015°W?

    <p>355/90</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes the maximum intensity of icing at FL100 overhead Warsaw (52°N 021°E)?

    <p>moderate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the temperature deviation (°C) from ISA over 50°N 010°E?

    <p>-10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the vicinity of Paris (49°N 002°E), the tropopause is at about FL:

    <p>350</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which best describes the significant cloud forecast for the area over Warsaw (52°N 021°E)?

    <p>5 to 7 oktas CU and AC base below FL100 tops FL120</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes the maximum intensity of turbulence at FL210 in the vicinity of the Canary Islands (29°N 015°W)?

    <p>severe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum wind velocity (°/kt) over Athens (37°N 024°E)?

    <p>250/110</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Over London (51°N 000°E/W), the lowest FL listed which is unaffected by CAT is:

    <p>230</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a METAR report with the code SA1430 35002KT 7000 SKC indicate about the weather conditions?

    <p>Visibility is 7000 meters with clear skies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what time is the earliest forecast for thunderstorms for Tunis/Carthage according to the provided TAF?

    <p>1800 UTC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the lowest visibility forecast for Birmingham at 280800Z based on the provided weather information?

    <p>5000 meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which temperature deviation is reported for over 60oN 000oE according to the chart?

    <p>+2 °C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the TAF provided for Hamburg, what are the expected cloud conditions at 1900 UTC?

    <p>BKN 020 at 2000 feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated about the wind forecast for the region around Casablanca at FL180?

    <p>Severe icing conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which information is contained in the METAR reading SA 1430 35002KT 7000 SKC?

    <p>Wind direction and speed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum wind speed reported over Italy in the provided data?

    <p>110 kts at FL380.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate mean wind component along the true course 180 from 50N to 40N at 020E?

    <p>55 kt headwind.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which best describes the maximum intensity of icing at FL150 in the vicinity of Bucharest?

    <p>Moderate icing conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary manner in which water vapor is released during fuel combustion?

    <p>Through water vapor released during fuel combustion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes supercooled droplets?

    <p>They are always small and at a temperature below freezing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process describes the transition of a solid directly into vapor?

    <p>Sublimation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does a decrease in pressure have on warm, humid air at wing tips during flight?

    <p>It causes an adiabatic drop in temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In conditions of low humidity, how do soot particles in exhaust gases behave?

    <p>They remain unchanged and settle on surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What conditions can allow super-cooled droplets to form?

    <p>At any time of the year</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process directly describes the transition of water vapor into solid ice?

    <p>Sublimation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which state change is latent heat absorbed?

    <p>Liquid to gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to relative humidity when water evaporates into saturated air?

    <p>It remains unchanged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic best defines a super-cooled droplet?

    <p>A droplet that exists in a liquid state below freezing temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what conditions will clouds or fog form?

    <p>When water vapor condenses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the release of latent heat in a state change?

    <p>Gas to liquid transition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characteristic of the formation of high-level condensation trails behind jet aircraft?

    <p>They require high humidity in upper atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Flight Planning and Meteorological Considerations

    • TAF (Terminal Aerodrome Forecast) and METAR (Meteorological Aerodrome Report) provide essential weather information for flight planning.
    • Cloud conditions are reported in oktas, with levels indicated in feet.

    Weather Reports and Conditions

    • Johannesburg Jan Smuts (FAJS) forecast at 0300 UTC predicts 5 to 7 oktas at 400 feet.
    • Lyon/Satolas (LFLL) at 1330 UTC forecasts thunderstorms and light rain; reported visibility is 9000 meters.
    • Birmingham (EGBB) weather forecast covers 28 hours, with variances noted for wind speed and potential rain.

    Wind Speeds and Conditions

    • Bordeaux/Merignac (LFBD) forecasts a maximum wind speed of 30 knots at 1600 UTC.
    • Wind reports include direction and force, such as 190/22G37 at Birmingham.

    Visibility and Hazards

    • Visibility can drop significantly under certain conditions; for instance, Birmingham forecasts minimum visibility of 5000 meters.
    • The earliest forecast for thunderstorms at Tunis/Carthage expected at 1800 UTC.

    Temperature and Pressure Data

    • METAR reports include temperature and dew point metrics, e.g., 21/03 from SA 1430.
    • Pressure readings (Q) provide context for understanding weather systems.

    Icing and Turbulence Forecasts

    • Icing intensity varies; moderate icing possible at FL180 near Casablanca, severe icing reported at FL160 over Berlin.
    • Turbulence intensity can range from nil to severe, impacting flight safety.

    Cloud Formation Forecasts

    • Conditions for cloud formation are indicated—low cloud levels forecast over various regions like Hamburg and Warsaw.
    • Types of clouds forecasted include CB (Cumulonimbus), AC (Altostratus clouds), and CU (Cumulus).

    Flight Level Considerations

    • Specific flight levels may be clearer of significant weather hazards, with FL250 generally reported as safe from CAT (Clear Air Turbulence).
    • Maximum wind velocities differ by region and flight level, such as 110 knots at FL380 over Italy.

    Weather Systems Movement

    • Surface weather systems, such as cold and warm fronts, influence weather patterns significantly.
    • Reports for various cities, including London and Prague, indicate ongoing weather system movements and their classifications.

    Long-range and Short-range Weather Predictions

    • TAFs typically cover periods of several hours, influencing flight planning and safety protocols.
    • Understanding local weather phenomena such as haze, mist, and smoke is vital for accurate visibility predictions.

    Summary of Key Metrics

    • Knowledge of the temperature deviations from the ISA (International Standard Atmosphere) helps in understanding altitude-related weather effects.
    • Regular updates on visibility, cloud conditions, and weather systems are crucial for both pilot and operational safety.

    Overall, preparing for flights involves thorough interpretation of meteorological data, assessing risks associated with weather conditions, and planning accordingly for safe operations.

    Super-Cooled Droplets

    • Super-cooled droplets can occur in clouds, fog, and precipitation.
    • A super-cooled droplet remains in liquid state at temperatures below freezing.
    • Super-cooled droplets can be found at any time of the year, not limited to winter or altitude.
    • Super-cooled droplets are small and exhibit liquid properties despite being below freezing temperature.

    Phase Changes in Water

    • Sublimation describes the direct transformation of water vapor into ice.
    • Latent heat is released when water transitions from gas to liquid.
    • Evaporation into unsaturated air involves heat absorption, maintaining equilibrium in relative humidity.

    Conditions for Cloud Formation

    • Clouds, fog, or dew form when water vapor condenses.
    • Relative humidity reaching critical levels alone does not guarantee cloud formation.
    • The presence of water vapor and appropriate temperature conditions enable condensation.

    High-Level Condensation Trails

    • High-level condensation trails behind jet aircraft result from water vapor released during fuel combustion.
    • They can appear when aircraft fly through warm, humid air, leading to pressure and temperature changes.

    Changes of State

    • Sublimation specifically identifies the phase change from solid directly to vapor.
    • Other notable changes of state include:
      • Liquid to gas (evaporation)
      • Solid to liquid (melting)
      • Liquid to solid (freezing)

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of flight planning and the meteorological considerations, focusing on TAF and METAR reports. Understand how to interpret cloud conditions and weather forecasts for different airports. This quiz will cover crucial concepts necessary for safe aviation operations.

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