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Questions and Answers
What is defined as a successfully executed permanent repair with a surface condition similar to the surrounding pavement?
What is defined as a successfully executed permanent repair with a surface condition similar to the surrounding pavement?
- Patches (correct)
- Potholes
- Base Failures
- Edge Breaks
When evaluating potholes, how is the number of potholes calculated?
When evaluating potholes, how is the number of potholes calculated?
- Area divided by 4
- Area multiplied by 4 (correct)
- Length multiplied by width
- Area multiplied by 2
What measurement defines a pothole?
What measurement defines a pothole?
- Width of 2m
- Exposed base coarse layer (correct)
- Depth of 100mm
- Surface cracks only
What is the specified width category for patches to be recorded?
What is the specified width category for patches to be recorded?
What classification falls under 'defects within a patch' and is not rated as a patch?
What classification falls under 'defects within a patch' and is not rated as a patch?
What is the maximum accepted width for edge breaks?
What is the maximum accepted width for edge breaks?
Which type of pavement is referenced concerning edge breaks, patches, and potholes?
Which type of pavement is referenced concerning edge breaks, patches, and potholes?
What information is specifically recorded when assessing patches?
What information is specifically recorded when assessing patches?
What is the spalling value for Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement (CRCP)?
What is the spalling value for Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement (CRCP)?
At which section are width measurements taken for assessing pavement spalling?
At which section are width measurements taken for assessing pavement spalling?
What is a notable characteristic of Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement (CRCP)?
What is a notable characteristic of Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement (CRCP)?
How is joint sealant deterioration assessed?
How is joint sealant deterioration assessed?
How many joints are inspected for joint sealant deterioration assessment?
How many joints are inspected for joint sealant deterioration assessment?
What types of joints are included in the joint sealant deterioration assessment?
What types of joints are included in the joint sealant deterioration assessment?
What does a spalling assessment entail?
What does a spalling assessment entail?
What is the assumption made for joint sealant deterioration in CRCP?
What is the assumption made for joint sealant deterioration in CRCP?
What phenomenon occurs at transverse joints in rigid pavement?
What phenomenon occurs at transverse joints in rigid pavement?
What is spalling in the context of rigid pavement?
What is spalling in the context of rigid pavement?
Which measurements are taken to assess spalling at joints?
Which measurements are taken to assess spalling at joints?
Where is the assessment of spalling primarily conducted?
Where is the assessment of spalling primarily conducted?
What do 'positive' and 'negative' directions refer to in rigid pavement faulting?
What do 'positive' and 'negative' directions refer to in rigid pavement faulting?
What is the initial element assessed when evaluating the condition of a slab?
What is the initial element assessed when evaluating the condition of a slab?
What is the most likely result of faulting in rigid pavement?
What is the most likely result of faulting in rigid pavement?
Which of the following is NOT associated with spalling at joints?
Which of the following is NOT associated with spalling at joints?
What condition qualifies a slab as shattered?
What condition qualifies a slab as shattered?
In continuously reinforced concrete pavement, what is assumed to be one shattered slab?
In continuously reinforced concrete pavement, what is assumed to be one shattered slab?
Which type of defects are classified as wearing surface defects?
Which type of defects are classified as wearing surface defects?
What is the appropriate length to consider when assessing shattered slabs for a road slip?
What is the appropriate length to consider when assessing shattered slabs for a road slip?
What severity classification should be used for a slab with relatively smooth minor surface wear?
What severity classification should be used for a slab with relatively smooth minor surface wear?
Which characteristic indicates a slab with temperature cracks?
Which characteristic indicates a slab with temperature cracks?
How should the number of shattered slabs in a carriageway area be recorded?
How should the number of shattered slabs in a carriageway area be recorded?
What process should be followed if sealed slabs are found?
What process should be followed if sealed slabs are found?
What severity rating is given to a surface that is still relatively smooth with some loss of fine aggregates?
What severity rating is given to a surface that is still relatively smooth with some loss of fine aggregates?
Which type of crack is categorized as a wearing surface defect but not counted as a crack?
Which type of crack is categorized as a wearing surface defect but not counted as a crack?
What is the characteristic of severe scaling on rigid pavement?
What is the characteristic of severe scaling on rigid pavement?
What type of cracks extend only into the upper surface of the slab and are considered as defects?
What type of cracks extend only into the upper surface of the slab and are considered as defects?
How are cracks rated when assessing pavement cracking?
How are cracks rated when assessing pavement cracking?
What constitutes a severe degree of pavement scaling?
What constitutes a severe degree of pavement scaling?
Which statement about narrow cracks is correct?
Which statement about narrow cracks is correct?
Which factor is NOT considered in assessing pavement cracking severity?
Which factor is NOT considered in assessing pavement cracking severity?
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Study Notes
Flexible Pavement (Asphalt)
- Edge Break: A successfully constructed permanent repair with a similar surface condition to the surrounding pavement.
- Patches: Measured over the total area of the segment. Defective patches are not rated. The defects within the patch are rated as applicable defects (cracks, potholes/base failure, etc.). The length of patches is recorded per width category.
- Potholes / Base Failure: Holes of various shapes and sizes in the pavement surface reaching the base layer. Severe cracking with base failure/settlement causes depression and are considered potholes.
- Area of potholes: The total area of potholes for the first 100m is multiplied by 4 to get the number of potholes.
- Number of potholes: "No.of Potholes = Area*4"
- Width category: Width = 1.0m
Rigid Pavement (Concrete)
- Faulting (Transverse Joints):
- The transverse joint rating is influenced by direction (positive or negative).
- The lane width is 3.35m.
- Slab Width: 20mm.
- Slab Length: 1.0m
- Joint Number: 10.
- The first 10 slabs are assessed for the first 100m.
- Spalling (Joints): The mark left of chipped-off concrete at joints is rated.
- Width measurements: Two are taken at each occurrence of spalling.
- Length measurement: One is taken at each occurrence of spalling.
- Spalling width: 50 and 60mm.
- Spalling length: 1.20m.
- Cracking along the joints should be rated under cracking.
- Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement (CRCP): Spalling is considered 0.
- Joint Sealant Deterioration: An elastic joint sealant in joints is rated.
- Assessment: The first 10 slabs are assessed.
- Length of deterioration: Measured in meters.
- Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement (CRCP): Deterioration value is rated as 0.
- Shattered Slab: A slab damaged to an extent that requires re-blocking. Slabs may only have one severe crack, but with base failure or settlement are considered shattered.
- Assessment: Number of shattered slabs within the carriageway area are counted.
- Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement (CRCP): A 4.5m slab is considered one shattered slab.
- Wearing Surface Defects: Disintegration or loss of concrete from the surface of the pavement.
- Types: Scaling, polishing, and temperature cracks.
- Severity: Minor or Major.
- Assessment: Considered for the total area of the segment. The length of wearing surface defects are rated per slab width.
- Severity Rating:
- Major: Surface rough or pitted with fine and coarse aggregate loss. (S)
- Minor: Surface still relatively smooth with only some fine aggregate loss. (M)
Pavement Cracking
- Assessment: The entire segment.
- Types: Longitudinal, Multiple, and Transverse Cracks.
- Hairline cracks: Not considered as cracks.
- Temperature cracks: Not considered cracks, but can be considered wearing surface defects.
- Cracking severity: Wide (>3mm) or Narrow (<=3mm).
- Severe Cracking: Wide Cracks (>= 3mm)
- Minor/Moderate Cracking: Narrow Cracks (<= 3mm)
- Area of cracks: Measured in meters.
- Severity: M or S.
- Crack length: 30.15m.
- Crack width: 30.15mm.
- Crack area: 30.15m^2
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