Podcast
Questions and Answers
What causes hypernasality?
What causes hypernasality?
- Increased air in the oral cavity
- Abundance of air in the nasal cavity when not needed (correct)
- Soft palate and posterior pharyngeal wall not functioning together
- Weakened laryngeal muscles
Which condition may result in challenges controlling the soft palate and maintaining normal nasality?
Which condition may result in challenges controlling the soft palate and maintaining normal nasality?
- Flaccid dysarthria (correct)
- Hypernasality
- LMN impairment
- Myasthenia gravis
What is a common characteristic of prosody in individuals with weakened laryngeal muscles?
What is a common characteristic of prosody in individuals with weakened laryngeal muscles?
- Extra air during speech
- Monopitch and monoloudness (correct)
- Hypernasality
- Sustained phonation difficulties
Which component of speech is affected by inadequate subglottic air pressure in individuals with flaccid dysarthria?
Which component of speech is affected by inadequate subglottic air pressure in individuals with flaccid dysarthria?
What may occur if the cricothyroid muscle is weakened due to damage to the superior laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve?
What may occur if the cricothyroid muscle is weakened due to damage to the superior laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve?
Which evaluation task would be most useful for assessing speech mechanisms fatigue in individuals with flaccid dysarthria?
Which evaluation task would be most useful for assessing speech mechanisms fatigue in individuals with flaccid dysarthria?
What type of dysarthria is caused by damage to the lower motor neurons?
What type of dysarthria is caused by damage to the lower motor neurons?
Which condition can cause a person to have difficulty in elevating their jaw for speech articulation?
Which condition can cause a person to have difficulty in elevating their jaw for speech articulation?
What is the primary symptom of Myasthenia Gravis that distinguishes it from other conditions?
What is the primary symptom of Myasthenia Gravis that distinguishes it from other conditions?
Which type of nerve damage can lead to incomplete adduction of the vocal folds?
Which type of nerve damage can lead to incomplete adduction of the vocal folds?
Which condition results in a paralysis that affects lower motor neurons?
Which condition results in a paralysis that affects lower motor neurons?
What is one characteristic voice quality associated with adductor damage in flaccid dysarthria?
What is one characteristic voice quality associated with adductor damage in flaccid dysarthria?
Which pathology can cause difficulties in maintaining strength of muscle contractions over time?
Which pathology can cause difficulties in maintaining strength of muscle contractions over time?
Which symptom often necessitates a stress test for diagnosis?
Which symptom often necessitates a stress test for diagnosis?
'Intense' hypernasality and 'breathy' voice quality together indicate a strong possibility of which type of dysarthria?
'Intense' hypernasality and 'breathy' voice quality together indicate a strong possibility of which type of dysarthria?
Hypernasality is caused by the lack of air in the nasal cavity when it is needed.
Hypernasality is caused by the lack of air in the nasal cavity when it is needed.
Flaccid dysarthria is associated with challenges in controlling the soft palate and maintaining normal nasality.
Flaccid dysarthria is associated with challenges in controlling the soft palate and maintaining normal nasality.
Myasthenia gravis is not linked to flaccid dysarthria.
Myasthenia gravis is not linked to flaccid dysarthria.
Oromotor exercises are considered valuable for treating dysarthria.
Oromotor exercises are considered valuable for treating dysarthria.
Hypernasality can be assessed by listening for nasal airflow on any sound other than nasals.
Hypernasality can be assessed by listening for nasal airflow on any sound other than nasals.
Weakened laryngeal muscles can result in variations in pitch and loudness due to inadequate tension and stretching of the vocal folds.
Weakened laryngeal muscles can result in variations in pitch and loudness due to inadequate tension and stretching of the vocal folds.
Flaccid dysarthria is caused by impairment of the UMNs of the cranial or spinal nerves.
Flaccid dysarthria is caused by impairment of the UMNs of the cranial or spinal nerves.
Guillain-Barre Syndrome affects sensory neurons more than motor neurons.
Guillain-Barre Syndrome affects sensory neurons more than motor neurons.
Poli tumors are among the etiologies of flaccid dysarthria.
Poli tumors are among the etiologies of flaccid dysarthria.
Myasthenia Gravis primarily affects the connection between the LMN and muscle tissue.
Myasthenia Gravis primarily affects the connection between the LMN and muscle tissue.
Flaccid dysarthria can result in slow-labored articulation due to hypernasal resonance.
Flaccid dysarthria can result in slow-labored articulation due to hypernasal resonance.
Damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve can cause breathy vocal quality in flaccid dysarthria.
Damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve can cause breathy vocal quality in flaccid dysarthria.
Flaccid dysarthria can impact articulation by affecting vowels requiring lip rounding.
Flaccid dysarthria can impact articulation by affecting vowels requiring lip rounding.
Difficulty in elevating the jaw for speech articulation can be caused by damage to the trigeminal nerve.
Difficulty in elevating the jaw for speech articulation can be caused by damage to the trigeminal nerve.
Muscular Dystrophy is a form of flaccid dysarthria that results in rapid fatigue of muscular contractions.
Muscular Dystrophy is a form of flaccid dysarthria that results in rapid fatigue of muscular contractions.
Speech characteristics of flaccid dysarthria may include precise articulation and increased loudness.
Speech characteristics of flaccid dysarthria may include precise articulation and increased loudness.
Match the etiology with the condition that can cause flaccid dysarthria:
Match the etiology with the condition that can cause flaccid dysarthria:
Match the symptom with the corresponding speech characteristic in individuals with flaccid dysarthria:
Match the symptom with the corresponding speech characteristic in individuals with flaccid dysarthria:
Match the nerve damage with the resulting impact on articulation in flaccid dysarthria:
Match the nerve damage with the resulting impact on articulation in flaccid dysarthria:
Match the voice quality with the corresponding nerve damage in flaccid dysarthria:
Match the voice quality with the corresponding nerve damage in flaccid dysarthria:
Match the speech characteristic with the corresponding description:
Match the speech characteristic with the corresponding description:
Match the evaluation task with its purpose for individuals with flaccid dysarthria:
Match the evaluation task with its purpose for individuals with flaccid dysarthria:
Match the muscle impairment with the resulting speech characteristic:
Match the muscle impairment with the resulting speech characteristic:
Match the component affected by inadequate subglottic air pressure with the corresponding speech outcome:
Match the component affected by inadequate subglottic air pressure with the corresponding speech outcome:
Study Notes
Flaccid Dysarthria
- Caused by impairment of the lower motor neurons (LMNs) of the cranial or spinal nerves
- Characterized by weakness in the speech and/or respiratory musculature
- Can result in slow-labored articulation, hypernasal resonance, hoarse-breathy phonation, and reduced loudness
Etiologies of Flaccid Dysarthria
- Physical trauma: diffuse trauma to LMN
- Brainstem stroke
- Myasthenia Gravis
- Guillain-Barre Syndrome: LMN disorder, progressive inflammatory loss of the myelin sheath around axons
- Acquired virus
- Poli
- Tumors
- Muscular Dystrophy
- Progressive Bulbar Palsy
Characteristics of Flaccid Dysarthria
- Weakness in the speech and/or respiratory musculature
- Slow-labored articulation
- Hypernasal resonance
- Hoarse-breathy phonation
- Incomplete adduction (closure) of the vocal folds
- Breaty vocal quality
- Reduced loudness
- Shortened phrase length
- Strained/breathy voice quality
- Reduced time for sustained phonation
- Monopitch and monoloudness
Key Evaluation Tasks
- Conversational speech sample
- Low vocal volume
- Slow rate of speech
- Hypernasality
- Imprecise consonants
- Shortened phrase length
- Prosody
- Alternate Motion Rate (AMR) tasks
- Prolonged phonation of a vowel
- Speech stress test (count to 100)
Treatment Preview
- Do not use oromotor exercises
- No definitive research supporting their benefits
- No functional value - only brings awareness to structures
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on the etiology of flaccid dysarthria, which is caused by impairment of the Lower Motor Neurons (LMNs) of the cranial or spinal nerves. Explore various causes like physical trauma, brainstem stroke, Myasthenia Gravis, and more.