FL Priometric CNA Exam 2018 Flashcards

Rehabilitation and Care Types

• Rehabilitation involves short-term care, typically lasting 1-2 weeks.
• Restorative care is long-term, generally associated with nursing home residents and requires stable conditions.
• Palliative care provides relief from disease symptoms without aiming for a cure.

Normal Vitals

• Temperature: Normal range is 97.8°F - 99.1°F (36.5°C - 37.3°C), with an average of 98.6°F (37°C).
• Pulse: Normal resting heart rate is between 60 to 100 beats per minute.
• Oxygen Saturation: A healthy O2 saturation level ranges from 95 to 100 percent.
• Respirations: Normal breathing rate is 12 to 18 breaths per minute.
• Blood Pressure:
  • Normal: 90/60 mm Hg to 120/80 mm Hg.
  • Elevated: Systolic 120-129, Diastolic less than 80.
  • Stage 1 High Blood Pressure: Systolic 130-139, Diastolic 80-89.
  • Stage 2 High Blood Pressure: Systolic 140 or higher, Diastolic 90 or higher.

Reporting Procedures

• Essential to record and report anything new (bruises, cuts), unfamiliar occurrences, and abnormal vitals to the charge nurse.

Personal Care Tasks

• Key tasks include bathing, dressing, grooming, shaving, supporting oral hygiene, caring for hair and skin, and maintaining a clean environment.

Mobility Maintenance Tasks

• Important tasks include ambulating, transferring, positioning, and conducting range of motion exercises.

CNA Limitations

• CNAs cannot pass medication, change wound care dressings, or assist with body-inserted tubes, although training may vary by location.

Infection Control Practices

• Universal Precautions: Protocols aimed at preventing disease spread through blood and fluids.
• Standard Precautions: Infection control assuming all body fluids are infectious; hand washing is crucial.
• Transmission-Based Precautions: Additional CDC precautions for known or suspected infections based on the transmission route.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

• Includes gowns, masks, goggles, and gloves as protective measures.

Infection Prevention Key Points

• Hand washing is the most effective measure to prevent infection.
• Hand sanitizer must contain at least 60% alcohol and is ineffective if hands are visibly dirty; it cannot replace hand washing.

Key Health Administrations

• AHCA: Agency for Health Care Administration.
• JCAHO: Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations.
• Medicare: Federal health insurance program for individuals aged 65 and older.
• Medicaid: Insurance for qualified individuals based on age, disability, or familial circumstances.
• HIPAA: Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, protecting health information privacy.

Miscellaneous Health Terms

• Neglect: Failing to properly care for individuals.
• Bruises: Yellow indicates old bruises; purple indicates new ones.
• Edema: Swelling due to fluid accumulation.
• After eating, drinking, or smoking, wait 10-20 minutes before taking a patient's temperature.
• For older adults, slowed digestion often leads to constipation.
• WOW: Walk on the weak side while assisting patients.
• COP: Change of position; always check on the patient afterward.
• Dressing and Undressing: Dress from weak to strong; undress from strong to weak.

Patient Positioning

• Semi-Fowler's Position: Elevated upper body position for comfort.
• Fowler's Position: Sitting position typically used for respiratory distress.
• Foot Drop: Condition resulting in the inability to lift the front part of the foot.
• Sims Position: Side-lying position often used for enemas or assessments.
• Supine Position: Lying flat on the back.