Fisioanatomía II: Muscles Involved in Expiration

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What is the primary function of the rectus abdominis muscles during expiration?

To push the lower ribs downward and compress the abdominal content towards the diaphragm (correct)

To relax the diaphragm and increase the volume of the thoracic cavity

To compress the abdominal content towards the spine

To rotate the thoracic cage and facilitate lateral breathing

What is the characteristic of the lung structure that allows it to move freely within the thoracic cavity?

Its rigidity and the presence of intercostal muscles

Its elasticity and the presence of pleural fluid (correct)

Its connection to the thoracic wall via the diaphragm

Its inflation and deflation with each breath

What is the purpose of the negative pressure between the visceral surface of the lung and the parietal surface of the thoracic cavity?

To facilitate the entry of air into the lungs

To aspirate excess fluid into the lymphatic duct (correct)

To generate a pressure gradient between the lung and the thoracic cavity

To facilitate the exit of air from the lungs

What is the role of the intercostal internal muscles during expiration?

To contract and pull the ribs downward (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the pressure of the fluid between the pulmonary pleura and the parietal pleura of the thoracic cavity?

Intrapleural pressure (B) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the ribs during expiration?

They move downward and inward (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the total volume of air that passes through the respiratory system in one minute?

6000ml (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of alveoli in the respiratory system?

To exchange gases with the bloodstream (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of the tidal volume that reaches the alveoli?

33% (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the volume of air that is not involved in gas exchange?

Dead space (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the total lung capacity of a healthy individual?

5800ml (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal respiratory rate in a healthy adult?

12 breaths/min (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the pulmonary circulation?

To ensure the oxygenation of blood through hematosis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the physiological dead space and the anatomical dead space?

The physiological dead space includes alveoli that are not functioning or functioning partially, while the anatomical dead space does not (B) Signup and view all the answers

In a person with non-functional or partially functional alveoli, what happens to the physiological dead space compared to the anatomical dead space?

The physiological dead space increases up to 10 times (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the pulmonary circulation and the systemic circulation?

The pulmonary circulation pumps blood to the lungs, while the systemic circulation pumps blood to the rest of the body (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the starting point of the pulmonary circulation?

The right atrium (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of oxygenating blood in the lungs?

Hematosis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the trachea?

To provide an open pathway for inhaled and exhaled air (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the right and left lungs?

The right lung is shorter and wider than the left lung (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the pleura?

To provide a barrier between the lungs and the chest cavity (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the number of cartilaginous rings in the trachea?

20 (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the bronchi?

To provide a pathway for air to enter the lungs (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the structure that separates the right lung into three lobes?

Oblique and horizontal fissures (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the arteria pulmonar?

Carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the site of gas exchange in the lungs?

Vasos sanguíneos más pequeños (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the valve that separates the ventrículo derecho from the arteria pulmonar?

Válvula semilunar (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the hemoglobina in the glóbulos rojos?

Transport oxygen from the lungs to the body (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the circulation that occurs between the heart and the lungs?

Circulación pulmonar (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the intercambio gaseoso in the lungs?

Oxygenated blood is pumped to the body (A) Signup and view all the answers