Respiratory Muscles: Diaphragm and Muscle Movement

Which muscle constitutes the bulk of the tongue mass?

Which muscle tenses the soft palate and opens the nasopharynx?

Which muscle contracts and depresses the hyoid bone and larynx?

Which muscle is the only infrahyoid muscle that elevates the larynx?

Which muscle narrows the laryngeal inlet?

Which muscle elongates the vocal cords and serves as the main tensor?

Which muscle is the sole abductor of the vocal cords?

Which muscle adducts the vocal folds?

Which muscle is the primary muscle of inspiration?

From how many lumbar vertebrae do the crura of the diaphragm originate?

At rest, to which level can the dome of the diaphragm rise?

Which muscle can assist in inspiration by elevating the rib cage?

Which muscle layer of the thoracic wall depresses the ribs facilitating active expiration?

What primarily causes the diaphragm to move higher into the thoracic cavity after expiration?

Which muscle fibers primarily pull upon the central tendon of the diaphragm when they concentrically contract?

Which muscles are embryologically derived from two separate hemi-diaphragms that fuse during gestation?

'Internal Intercostal Muscles' primarily resist paradoxical movement during which process?

Which muscle assists in inspiration by elevating the first and second ribs?

What is the structure that lies on the superior side of diaphragm to which the central tendon is connected?

The Tensor Veli Palatini muscle relaxes to allow the soft palate to occlude the airway.

The Stylopharyngeus muscle shortens and widens the larynx and pharynx during swallowing and speaking.

The Thyrohyoid muscle is an infrahyoid muscle that depresses the larynx.

The Cricothyroid muscle primarily shortens the vocal cords.

The Lateral Cricoarytenoid muscle primarily widens or abducts the glottis.

The Interarytenoid muscles adduct the arytenoid cartilages.

The Trachealis muscle is replaced by smooth muscle sheet that fills posterior gaps of the trachea.

Contraction of the airway smooth muscle produces airway dilation.

The Inferior Pharyngeal Constrictor muscle overlaps the Middle Pharyngeal Constrictor.

The Genioglossus muscle primarily closes the oropharynx.

The Uvular muscles tense or elevate the soft palate.

The Superior Pharyngeal Constrictor muscle primarily circles the pharyngeal wall and constricts it during swallowing.

The right hemi-diaphragm is normally slightly lower than the left. (True/False)?

The central tendon is the structure that the diaphragm's muscle fibers primarily push upon when they concentrically contract. (True/False)?

The dome of the diaphragm may rise as high as the level of the 5th intercostal space at rest. (True/False)?

The diaphragm does not return to its normal resting position after expiration. (True/False)?

The external intercostal muscles primarily resist paradoxical movement during inspiration. (True/False)?

The middle intercostal muscles primarily resist paradoxical movement during inspiration. (True/False)?

The deep intercostal muscle layer of the thoracic wall primarily depresses the ribs facilitating active inspiration. (True/False)?

The subcostal muscles cross two intercostal spaces. (True/False)?

The pectoralis major and minor are accessory muscles of respiration in the neck. (True/False)?

The sternocleidomastoid can assist in inspiration by depressing the rib cage. (True/False)?

The anterior scalene attaches to the cervical transverse processes at the second and third ribs. (True/False)?

The superficial intercostal muscles can maintain eupnea if the diaphragm is unable. (True/False)?