First Aid: Tourniquet Application for Hemorrhage Quiz

Types of Wounds

• Avulsion wounds involve forcible separation or tearing of tissue from the victim's body.
• Incised wounds are commonly caused by sharp objects.
• The main factor influencing the degree of bleeding in an incised wound is the size of the blood vessel severed.
• Lacerated wounds are different from incised wounds in that they are caused by blunt trauma and have jagged edges.
• Fracture wounds differ from incised wounds in that they have less external bleeding due to the surrounding tissue.

Wound Management

• Applying pressure to a wound is primarily to control bleeding.
• Pressure points should be used when direct pressure is not possible or effective.
• Pressure points can be maintained for up to 15 minutes without interruption.
• A tourniquet should be applied in cases of severe bleeding when other methods are ineffective.
• A consequence of using a tourniquet is nerve and tissue damage.
• A tourniquet for amputation of a limb should be placed between the wound and the heart.
• To apply a tourniquet for hemorrhage from the forearm with no associated amputation, place it 2-3 inches above the wound.

Fractures

• A simple (close) fracture is one where the bone is broken but the skin remains intact.
• A compound (open) fracture is one where the bone is broken and the skin is open.
• The correct first aid treatment for a neck and back fracture is to immobilize the casualty without moving them.
• The proper way to immobilize a fracture is to use a splint or sling to prevent movement.

Artificial Respiration

• The primary action to take if a casualty stops breathing is to start artificial respiration.
• To clear a casualty's upper airways in the mouth-to-mouth method, tilt the head back and lift the chin.
• The action that enlarges the airway passage to the lungs in first aid artificial respiration is tilting the head back.
• In the mouth-to-nose method, use a cloth or handkerchief to make an airtight seal around the casualty's nose.
• Place the casualty in a supine position for administering artificial respiration.
• The purpose of putting a rolled blanket under the casualty's shoulder is to extend the chest and make breathing easier.

Bites and Stings

• The proper way to immobilize the bitten area is to use a splint or sling to prevent movement.

Drowning

• In case of drowning due to cramps, float the casualty on their back and try to relax their muscles.
• The cause of lung congestion in saltwater drowning is the absorption of saltwater into the bloodstream.

Poisoning

• The technique to handle poisoning cases is to identify the poison, keep the casualty calm, and transport them to the nearest hospital.
• Avoid using a tourniquet for snake bites, as it can worsen the condition.
• It is important to transport a poisoning victim to the nearest hospital to receive prompt medical treatment.