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Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of the primary survey (D.R.A.B.C) in first aid?
What does the secondary survey (A.M.P.L.E.S.S) in first aid involve?
What should be done after successfully performing the primary and secondary survey in first aid?
What is a key prevention tip mentioned for animal bites in the text?
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What is a recommended home treatment for animal bites according to the text?
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Which type of animal is mentioned as commonly responsible for infections through bites in the text?
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What is the first step to perform before providing first aid according to the text?
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What should you do to prevent infection while providing first aid?
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How should you approach a victim before providing first aid?
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If there are multiple casualties, who should receive first aid first?
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How should you protect yourself and the victim from danger during first aid?
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What should be done before performing any first aid procedures?
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What is a common symptom of shock?
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How should you position a shock victim to improve circulation?
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What should you do to help a victim maintain normal body temperature?
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How often should you take and record a shock victim's pulse?
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What should you not give a shock victim even if they are thirsty?
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How should you position a shock victim's legs if there are no head, neck, or back injuries suspected?
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Study Notes
Primary and Secondary Survey
- Use the primary survey (D.R.A.B.C) to deal with life-threatening concerns: Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, Circulation
- Proceed with the secondary survey (A.M.P.L.E.S.S): Allergy, Medication, Previous medical history, Last meal, Event history, Signs, Symptoms
First Aid for Common Emergencies
- First aid guides and procedures are not a substitute for expert medical advice or treatments
- Home treatment discussions are for less serious injuries that don't require professional medical help
First Aid for Bites
- Animal bites can lead to infections, commonly from dogs and cats
- Rabies is a preventable viral disease, often transmitted through a bite of a rabid animal
- Vaccinated pets are less likely to be rabies carriers, whereas unvaccinated stray animals are more likely to carry rabies
- Prevention for animal bites includes:
- Vaccinating pets against rabies
- Not disturbing animals while they eat
- Teaching children not to approach or play with stray dogs or cats
- Not touching wild animals or provoking them to attack
- Not handling sick or injured pets
- Not keeping wild animals or pets
- Home treatment for animal bites involves:
- Washing the wound immediately with soap and water
- Applying antibiotic ointment and covering the wound
- Monitoring for signs of infection
Introduction to First Aid
- First aid is practical and immediate care for an injury or sudden illness administered until professional medical help is available
- First aid does not require elaborate training or special equipment
Things to Know Before Performing First Aid
- Assess the situation quickly and calmly
- Check if danger is still imminent and think if it is already safe to approach the victim
- Protect yourself and the victim from danger
- Prevent infection between you and the victim
- Comfort and reassure the victim
- Assess the casualty and perform first aid
Symptoms of Shock
- Cool, pale, and clammy skin
- Weak, rapid pulse
- Shallow, rapid breathing
- Low blood pressure
- Thirst, nausea, or vomiting
- Faintness, weakness, dizziness, or loss of consciousness
Home Treatment for Shock
- Call for medical help immediately
- Control external bleeding (if any)
- Keep the victim resting comfortably lying flat on their back
- Elevate the legs about 12 inches unless there are head, neck, or back injuries or possible broken bones involving the hips or legs
- Help the victim maintain normal body temperature
- Take and record the patient's pulse every five minutes
- Try to reassure victims to relieve anxiety
- Do not give the victim anything to eat or drink
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Description
Learn how to deal with life-threatening situations using the primary and secondary survey techniques (D.R.A.B.C and A.M.P.L.E.S.S). Understand the steps involved in assessing dangers, responses, airway, breathing, circulation, allergies, medications, previous medical history, and more. Explore how to safely shift the victim to the recovery position and arrange for further help if needed.