Questions and Answers
Chest compressions for infants should be performed to a depth of 2 inches.
False
In CPR, cycles of compressions and breaths for adults require 30 compressions followed by 2 breaths.
True
When performing CPR on an infant, you should use the heel of your hand for compressions.
False
If a person is suspected of inhaling poison, it's important to move them into fresh air quickly.
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For a person who has swallowed poison, removing any leftover substances from their mouth is necessary before proceeding.
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You should rinse contaminated skin for at least 30 minutes in case of poison exposure.
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Continuous chest compressions are not an acceptable alternative in CPR.
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If a person vomits after poisoning, you should immediately perform back blows to clear the airway.
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Rescue breaths for CPR should be given after every 20 compressions.
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It is necessary to gather pill bottles and other information about the poison if emergency services are called.
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Study Notes
First Aid Basics
- Casualties are individuals suffering from injuries, referred to rather than victims.
- The Primary Survey is essential for assessing a casualty and includes checking Airways, Breathing, and Circulation (ABC).
- Conduct an emergency scene survey before aid, ensuring safety and calling for help.
Recovery Position
- The safest position for an unconscious person or someone having a seizure.
- Promotes easier breathing and reduces choking risk.
Bleeding and Wounds
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External Bleeding: Visible blood loss due to damaged blood vessels near the skin's surface.
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Key treatment principles for external bleeding include:
- Look: Assess wound size and cleanliness.
- Apply: Direct pressure to aid clot formation.
- Elevate: Raise the injured area to minimize blood loss.
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Internal Bleeding: Not externally visible; signs include bruising, swelling, and bleeding from orifices.
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Types of open wounds include abrasions, punctures, lacerations, incisions, and avulsions.
First Aid Management for Wounds
- For open wounds, control bleeding, cover the wound, care for shock, and seek medical consultation.
- For minor closed wounds, clean with water, apply antiseptics, and cover with a dressing.
Animal Bites
- Require medical attention due to potential severe infections.
- Clean the wound, apply sterile dressings, and seek immediate assistance if rabies is suspected.
Nosebleeds
- Commonly caused by trauma; classified into upper and lower types.
- First aid involves pinching the soft part of the nose, leaning forward, and if needed, applying an ice pack to the bridge.
Burns
- Damage from heat, chemicals, electricity, or radiation.
- Minor burns are treated by cooling the area with running water and applying a sterile bandage.
- Avoid ice, butter, or ointments.
Poisoning
- Can be life-threatening; common causes include suicide attempts and accidents.
- Treatment varies based on the route of exposure; seek medical help immediately.
Cardiovascular Emergencies
- Heart Attack: Caused by a blockage, leading to heart muscle tissue death.
- Cardiac Arrest: Sudden stopping of the heart's pumping function.
- Stroke: Resulting from blocked blood supply to the brain or brain vessel bursting.
CPR Guidelines
- Always follow the Chain of Survival: Recognition, CPR, Defibrillation, Advanced Care, Post-arrest Care.
- For unresponsive victims, perform chest compressions at a depth of 2 inches at a rate of 100 compressions per minute.
- Provide rescue breaths after every 30 compressions, ensuring proper head positioning.
Child and Infant CPR
- Child: Use 1-2 hands, compress to a depth of 2 inches, maintain 30 compressions per 18 seconds.
- Infant: Use two fingers, compress to 1.5 inches, and maintain the same compression rate.
First Aid for Poisoning
- Remove contaminants from the mouth, rinse skin for 15-20 minutes if exposed, and flush eyes for 20 minutes if poisoned.
- Inhaled poison requires immediate fresh air access.
- Continue CPR if no signs of life are displayed.
Important Reminders
- Always follow the steps: Check for consciousness, Call for help, and Care for the victim.
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Description
Explore the essential principles of first aid in this quiz based on Module 7 of the NSTP 111 program. Learn about victim assessment and the ABCs of first aid - Airway, Breathing, and Circulation. Perfect for those wanting to enhance their first aid skills and knowledge.
