31 Questions
The purpose of the Active Shooter/Hostile Event Response () is to provide guidance to Miami Fire Rescue personnel when responding to operations at an "Active Shooter/Hostile Event" () with the Miami Police Department and establish standard operating guidelines to address these highly volatile and dangerous scenarios.
ASHER
The Active Shooter/Hostile Event Response (ASHER) program is governed by which standard?
NFPA 3000
What does the abbreviation C.A.N. stand for?
Conditions, Actions and movements, Needs
What is a temporary location used for the gathering, triage, medical stabilization, and subsequent evacuation of nearby casualties where vehicular access might be limited and is usually occurring in the warm zone?
Casualty Collection Point (CCP)
What is a geographical location where transport vehicles are available to transport casualties?
Casualty Exchange Point (CEP) or Ambulance Exchange Point (AEP)
What term is used by law enforcement to indicate that a primary sweep has been conducted and no obvious threats have been found?
Clear
What reference provides the dispatch and notification procedures for major emergencies?
EOM - Article 2 Section 3
Fire Suppression personnel (Aerial, Quint, Engine): may be combined with MPD officers to form ______ Task Force(s) and litter bearer teams.
Rescue
ALS Transport personnel (Rescue): may be assigned as litter bearers, as well as Triage, Treatment or ______ units.
Transport
Consider upgrading/downgrading to appropriate ASHER category and respective MCI dispatch based on initial RTF reports and further ______ information.
credible
Based on available information and considering C.A.N. reports from initial units regarding size and scope of the incident, Command should ______:
consider
Directing RTFs to focus on: Triage Patient ______/stabilization Immediate patient removal, as encountered.
care
Assigning an ______ Officer(s) For MFR personnel and units For patients related to incident.
Accountability
Assigning a ______ Officer early
Safety
Command should consider establishing a Joint Information Center using both MPD and MFR Public Information Officer early in the incident to address ______ and media inquiries.
family
The Incident Commander should consider requesting the following additional resources early in the incident: Specialty Teams (HazMat, Technical Rescue, etc.) MFR Rehab Van MFR Command Van Miami-Dade Disaster Van Miami-Dade Air Rescue staged at a ______ zone.
landing
text
Fire department personnel will be familiar with common law enforcement terms, such as Cleared, Secured, Cover, Concealment, Hot Zone/Cold Zone and related terms (definitions above). During an ASHER, the safety and security of fire and police personnel is our primary concern. Miami Fire Personnel will provide a supporting role to Miami Police. Radio communication directly related to police tactical operation shall not be transmitted over non-encrypted channels. PROCEDURE: DISPATCH The Alarm Office will dispatch an assignment based on the most credible information received at the time. The incident will be classified in one of the following ASHER categories according to the below criteria: 12/2018 ASHER THREAT o Threat made via 911. No visual verification of an assailant and/or weapon(s). o MCI level 1 (5-10 victims) will be dispatched o Notify the Battalion Commander o Staging - Level 1 ASHER IMMINENT o Confirmation that the assailant has a weapon conducive for mass casualty and is posing a threat. o No injuries sustained o MCI level 2 (11-20 victims) will be dispatched o Notify the Battalion Commander o Staging - Level 2 ASHER EVENT o Shots fired in a public setting with or without reported victims or known incident with victims down (i.e., vehicle-based attack, etc.) EOM / Article 3 / Section 58 Page 3 Active Shooter/Hostile Event Response (ASHER) o MCI level 3 (Over 20 victims) will be dispatched o Dispatch the Battalion Commander o Staging - Level 2 Incident Command and Alarm Officer Personnel should consider Mutual Aid to staff MFR stations and notification of the County/City EOC for activation determination. PRE-ARRIVAL CONSIDERATIONS Fire-Rescue units will stage in a safe location away from the actual incident, according to ASHER level (Threat, Imminent, or Event). Crew integrity and accountability is critical; Company officers will keep their crew together whenever possible. Anticipate having to provide forcible entry/exit equipment and litter operations. It may become necessary to remove victims from above ground through windows and manually breached locations. Have all necessary equipment available for immediate deployment. If arriving MFR units encounter a threat (i.e. active shooter(s)) in the staging area prior to MPD arrival, they shall immediately withdraw/seek cover and request an expedited MPD response. MIAMI POLICE: Establish Integrated Response Process (Contact Teams, RTF) Establish a Perimeter Establish appropriate level of Staging (Level 2 – Designated Area) Establish a Command Post for Unified Command MFR FIRST ARRIVING UNIT Determine the location of the MPD Incident Command Post (ICP) o If one is not yet established, establish an Incident Command Post and notify MPD. Communicate with the MPD Incident Commander and establish a Unified Command. Announce the location of the ICP to responding units. Assign and announce a Staging area and Manager. o If responding MFR has not been designated a safe staging area by MPD or the staging area is insufficient, select a staging area based on the following conditions. Desirable features of a safe staging area include: Physical hard barrier that shields apparatus and personnel from the incident location. Distance from the scene that reduces the chance of injury from firearms and IEDs. 12/2018 EOM / Article 3 / Section 58 Page 4 Active Shooter/Hostile Event Response (ASHER) Adequate space for entry and exit of Fire Apparatus. Provide a face-to-face briefing to fire units, if possible. Don department-issued ballistic PPE (vest and helmet). Prepare to operate as members of a Rescue Task Force. INCIDENT COMMAND CONSIDERATIONS RTFs will not be deployed unless a District Chief or Battalion Chief is participating in a unified command with the police commander on scene. MPD IC and MFR IC will coordinate on the composition of an RTF. o No less than three (3) MFR members; (4) MFR members is optimal. o One (1) MPD officer per One (1) MFR member is encouraged. o Deviations are at the sole direction of the MFR incident commander. Consider assigning a Group/Division Supervisor early if RTFs may exceed span of control (Rescue Battalion Captain, second DC, etc.). Only the IC or Division/Group Supervisor (if assigned) may recall a RTF. The MFR IC will manage the distribution of personnel and resources.
MPD and MFR personnel will work jointly in the hazardous areas, allowing fire personnel to provide lifesaving treatment while under the protection of armed MPD ________.
officers
In accordance with NIMS guidance, MFR and MPD will establish a single Command Post (CP) and establish ________.
Unified Command (UC)
When practical, both MPD and MFR communications will be established with a common ________.
command radio channel
Rescue Task Force (RTF) teams will treat, stabilize and ultimately remove the injured in a rapid manner under the protection of MPD officers in warm zone areas cleared by initial ________.
Contact Teams (CT)
RTF personnel will wear all department-issued ballistic protection (i.e. ballistic vest and helmet); personnel not assigned to an RTF may also be required to wear ballistic protection at the ________.
IC’s discretion
The Active Shooter/Hostile Event Response (ASHER) program is governed by which ________?
standard
Command should consider establishing a Joint Information Center using both MPD and MFR Public Information Officer early in the incident to address ________ and media inquiries.
public concerns
MPD and MFR will establish a single Command Post (CP) and establish ______ Command (UC).
Unified
Both MPD and MFR communications will be established with a common command radio channel. A separate tactical radio frequency for MFR, as well as for MPD, will be used and ______.
confirmed
Rescue Task Force (RTF) teams will treat, stabilize and ultimately remove the injured in a rapid manner under the protection of MPD officers in ______ zone areas cleared by initial Contact Teams (CT).
warm
RTF personnel will wear all department-issued ballistic protection (i.e. ballistic vest and helmet); personnel not assigned to an RTF may also be required to wear ballistic protection at the ______'s discretion.
IC's
The Incident Commander should consider requesting the following additional resources early in the incident: \n Specialty Teams (HazMat, Technical Rescue, etc.) \n MFR Rehab Van \n MFR Command Van \n Miami-Dade Disaster Van \n Miami-Dade Air Rescue staged at a ______ zone.
secured
The designated area is far enough away from the known hazard to reduce congestion, confusion and clutter for those actively engaged. Commonly identified in two (2) levels: \n o Staging - Level 1: All units will stage one to two blocks away from incident in the direction of travel. \n o Staging - Level 2: All units are given a designated area to report to. The first arriving officer is often designated as the Staging ______.
supervisor
Law Enforcement might or might not maintain a physical presence in a cleared area. Victims might or might not be in a cleared area. • Contact Team (CT): A team of Law Enforcement officers, composed of one to five (15) officers tasked with locating the suspect(s) and neutralizing the ______(s).
threat
Test your knowledge of common law enforcement terms and their relevance to fire department personnel. Understand the important role of fire personnel in supporting the police during emergencies. Brush up on radio communication related to police tactics.
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