Fire Apparatus Maintenance and Pressure Sensing Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of hydrostatics?

  • The motion and action of liquids
  • The danger involved in operating hose lines
  • The delivery of water to extinguish fires
  • The pressure and equilibrium of liquids (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT a specialized area within the general field of hydraulics?

  • Hydrostatics
  • Pump maintenance (correct)
  • Hydrodynamics
  • Pressure sensing governor

    • According to the passage, what is the fire service primarily concerned with in relation to hydraulics?

  • The pressure and equilibrium of liquids
  • The delivery of water in sufficient quantities to extinguish fires (correct)
  • The danger involved in operating hose lines
  • The properties of liquids at rest or in motion

    • What does the passage state is recognized by every experienced firefighter?

    <p>The danger involved while operating a hose line with too much nozzle pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between hydrostatics and hydrodynamics according to the passage?

    <p>Hydrostatics and hydrodynamics are the two specialized areas within the general field of hydraulics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between hydrostatics and hydrodynamics according to the passage?

    <p>Hydrostatics deals with liquids at rest, while hydrodynamics deals with liquids in motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the pressure that resists any pressure being applied through the fire department connection (FDC) by a pumper in a standpipe system?

    <p>Back-pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is back-pressure overcome to allow water from a pumper to enter the standpipe system through the fire department connection (FDC)?

    <p>By ensuring a higher pressure at the clapper than the back-pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a standpipe system, what is responsible for ensuring that water supplied through the fire department connection (FDC) does not back-flow into the municipal water supply?

    <p>Check valve in the FDC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the kinetic energy of water when a nozzle is opened in a firefighting scenario?

    <p>It decreases due to energy loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of energy is represented by a static head of water in a firefighting scenario?

    <p>Potential energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What law of physics explains the conversion of potential energy into kinetic energy when water begins to flow from a nozzle?

    <p>Conservation of Energy Law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a liquid at rest (static), what is true about the pressure at any point compared to another point?

    <p>It is equal with no differences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of different liquids accounts for their varied reaction speeds to identical forces?

    <p>Viscosity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the weight of one U.S. gallon of water?

    <p>8.35 pounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between a cubic foot and a U.S. gallon?

    <p>One cubic foot equals 7.481 U.S. gallons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it necessary to apply force to water to elevate it?

    <p>Water has no tensile strength and cannot be pulled upward</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a pump located below the level of water?

    <p>To apply force to the water to elevate it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a physical connection between the water and the pump when the pump is elevated above the water level?

    <p>To allow the water to flow from the water source to the pump</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a pump that drafts water from an open body of water located below the intake of the pump?

    <p>Suction lift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the column of water is 10 feet high, what is the pressure at its base in pounds per square inch (psi)?

    <p>$4.34$ psi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the height of a column of water (in feet) that would produce a pressure of 1 psi at its base?

    <p>2.304 feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a gauge reads 50 psi, what is the height of the water column (in feet) above the gauge?

    <p>115.2 feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The downward pressure of water in an open container is affected by which of the following?

    <p>The depth of water in the container</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the single pumper standpipe operation shown in Figure 7, what is the pressure on the 6th floor in psi?

    <p>135 psi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the friction loss for the standpipe system in the single pumper operation shown in Figure 7?

    <p>25 psi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the column of water is 15 feet high, what is the pressure at its base in psi?

    <p>$6.51$ psi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pressure exerted by a column of water depends on which of the following?

    <p>The weight of a cubic foot of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the height of a column of water is increased by 5 feet, how much does the pressure at the base increase (in psi)?

    <p>$2.17$ psi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pressure at the base of a 25-foot column of water in psi?

    <p>$10.85$ psi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines friction loss in a hose line?

    <p>Velocity of the water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the example with the nozzle and hose, why is the pressure reduced at various points?

    <p>Due to friction loss in the hose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much PSI does atmospheric pressure exert at sea level?

    <p>14.7 PSI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to atmospheric pressure with increasing altitude?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a hydraulic system, how is the force exerted by atmospheric pressure balanced?

    <p>By materials strong enough to resist its pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does atmospheric pressure tend to accelerate water's entrance into a pump from a reservoir?

    <p>Due to atmospheric pressure pushing the water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concern of the fire service regarding pressures in hydraulic systems?

    <p>Dynamic pressures above or below basic atmospheric pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are hydraulic pressures determined according to the text?

    <p>By mathematical computations alone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does varying weather conditions have on atmospheric pressure?

    <p>Slight variations in atmospheric pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do all parts of hydraulic systems experience atmospheric pressure?

    <p>To balance and counteract internal pressures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Pascal's Law, what happens when pressure is applied to any part of a confined fluid?

    <p>The pressure transmits to every other part with no loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What geometric shape does a flexible hose filled with liquid assume when viewed at a given horizontal plane?

    <p>Circular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the weight commonly chosen to represent the approximate weight of a cubic foot of water?

    <p>$62.5$ pounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a container with inside measurements of 12" x 12" x 12", what is the pressure exerted in pounds per square inch by water weighing 62.5 pounds?

    <p>$0.434$ PSI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would happen if water could be compressed?

    <p>It would take less volume but weigh more</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much force would be required to reduce the volume of water by one percent?

    <p>$30,000$ pounds per square inch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does each column of water in a container exert when divided into 144 columns, each one square inch and one foot high?

    <p>$0.434$ PSI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the downward pressure of water in an open container directly depend on?

    <p>The depth of the water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about viscosity is true?

    <p>Liquids with high viscosity exhibit greater resistance to movement in response to a force.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a liquid moves between solid boundaries, such as a river between its banks?

    <p>The layers of liquid move at different speeds due to molecular friction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following can cause a stream of water to transition from streamline to turbulent flow?

    <p>Increase in velocity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the volume and velocity of a liquid flowing through a carrier with a varying cross-section area?

    <p>As the cross-section area increases, velocity decreases, but volume remains constant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of resistance to the flow of a liquid?

    <p>The viscosity of the liquid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to measure the rate of speed at which a liquid is moving in relation to a fixed point?

    <p>Velocity of flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when two surfaces rub together during the flow of a liquid?

    <p>Heat is created, and energy is dissipated as friction loss.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to indicate the quantity of liquid that will pass a given point in a given unit of time?

    <p>Flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the path line of a particle of water to cross the path lines of other particles, interrupting the smooth flow?

    <p>Turbulent flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two categories of friction loss mentioned in the text?

    <p>Friction loss due to motion along a surface and eddy loss at abrupt changes in flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of gauge is primarily used on fire apparatus?

    <p>Bourdon gauge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a gauge that measures both pressure and vacuum indicate on its dial?

    <p>Pounds per square inch and inches of mercury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the volume and weight of water?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a Pitot tube?

    <p>To measure velocity and pressure heads in a flowing stream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between relative pressure and absolute pressure?

    <p>Relative pressure is measured with respect to atmospheric pressure, absolute pressure is measured without reference to atmospheric pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of equipping pumping apparatus with gauges?

    <p>To provide a constant source of information about the pressures within the pump</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a manometer?

    <p>To measure the height of a liquid in a vertical tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a vacuum and a perfect vacuum?

    <p>A vacuum is a partial reduction in pressure, while a perfect vacuum is the complete absence of pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many gallons of water are in 1 cubic foot?

    <p>7.481 gallons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using gauges on fire apparatus?

    <p>To provide a constant source of information about the pressures within the pump</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the velocity of water as the diameter of the pipe decreases, given a constant input volume?

    <p>The velocity increases in narrower diameters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If 300 gallons per minute moves through a pipe with a cross-section area of 10 square inches, and then narrows to 2 square inches, how does the velocity in the 2 square inch area compare to the 10 square inch area?

    <p>The velocity is 5 times greater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the same quantity of water moves through a 2.5-inch hose and a 1.5-inch hose, how does the velocity in the 1.5-inch hose compare to the velocity in the 2.5-inch hose?

    <p>The velocity is 2.78 times greater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the friction loss as the velocity of water flow increases?

    <p>Friction loss increases exponentially</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the velocity of water flow is doubled in a given hose, how does the friction loss change?

    <p>The friction loss quadruples</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the friction loss in a hose line change as the length of the hose line increases, given a constant flow quantity?

    <p>Friction loss increases linearly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a 200-foot hose line of 2.5-inch diameter delivers 200 gallons per minute, how does the friction loss compare to a 100-foot hose line of the same diameter and flow rate?

    <p>The friction loss is twice as much</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the length of a hose line is tripled while the flow quantity remains constant, how does the friction loss change?

    <p>The friction loss triples</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the pressure within the water affect friction loss in a hose, given a constant velocity of flow?

    <p>Pressure does not affect friction loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors contribute to additional friction loss in hose lines, according to the text?

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

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