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Questions and Answers
Which segment of the sarcomere does not change length during muscle contraction?
Which segment of the sarcomere does not change length during muscle contraction?
What ion influx is primarily responsible for the depolarization phase of an action potential?
What ion influx is primarily responsible for the depolarization phase of an action potential?
What is the minimum duration to wait between fat loss assessments when using field devices?
What is the minimum duration to wait between fat loss assessments when using field devices?
Which muscle fiber type is often found in higher percentages in females than in males across some muscles?
Which muscle fiber type is often found in higher percentages in females than in males across some muscles?
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Which pathway is known to regulate protein synthesis in the body?
Which pathway is known to regulate protein synthesis in the body?
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What is the primary muscle fiber type that makes up the myocardium?
What is the primary muscle fiber type that makes up the myocardium?
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Which term describes a resting heart rate below 60 bpm?
Which term describes a resting heart rate below 60 bpm?
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What type of left ventricular hypertrophy is characterized by a decrease in stroke volume?
What type of left ventricular hypertrophy is characterized by a decrease in stroke volume?
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What is a measure of myocardial workload commonly used in healthcare settings?
What is a measure of myocardial workload commonly used in healthcare settings?
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Which pathway is stimulated by leucine consumption that affects mTOR?
Which pathway is stimulated by leucine consumption that affects mTOR?
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What is the term for the influx of a specific ion that occurs during the depolarization phase of an action potential?
What is the term for the influx of a specific ion that occurs during the depolarization phase of an action potential?
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Which type of myofibrillar hypertrophy increases force and torque production?
Which type of myofibrillar hypertrophy increases force and torque production?
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What is a common metric that uses heart rate to estimate recovery in athletes?
What is a common metric that uses heart rate to estimate recovery in athletes?
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Study Notes
Final Exam Crossword - Page 1
- Myocardial Workload (VO2): A measure of myocardial workload, commonly used in healthcare settings, such as cardiac rehabilitation.
- Media: Smooth muscle is located within this tunica throughout the vasculature.
- Series Hypertrophy: Type of myofibrillar hypertrophy that increases contraction velocity.
- Type I Muscle Fiber: The primary muscle fiber type in the myocardium.
- Akt Pathway: Leucine consumption stimulates this pathway, affecting mTOR.
- Heart Rate Variability: A common metric to gauge athlete recovery, using heart rate.
- Afterload: The pressure ventricles must overcome during phase 3 of the cardiac cycle.
- Functional Sympatholysis: Localized vasodilation and vasoconstriction during exercise, redirecting blood flow.
- Steady-State: A period where oxygen demand is met during exercise, typically taking 2-3 minutes.
- Pathologic Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: A type of left ventricular hypertrophy characterized by decreased stroke volume.
- Hematocrit: Comprises approximately 40-45% of blood in males.
- Bradycardia: A resting heart rate below 60 bpm.
- Vein: Portion of the vasculature with the lowest pressure.
- PFK: The main allosteric enzyme of glycolysis.
- Stroke Volume: EDV (end-diastolic volume) - ESV (end-systolic volume).
- Automaticity: A characteristic of nodal cells in the heart.
- Contractility: Concentric hypertrophy impacts this regulator, increasing stroke volume.
- Fat: The primary macronutrient utilized when RQ is less than 0.85.
- Preload: The Frank-Starling mechanism is associated with this regulator of stroke volume.
- Sodium: An influx of this ion occurs during the depolarization phase of an action potential.
Final Exam Crossword - Page 2
- AMPK: A molecular intermediate, whose upregulation in response to endurance exercise negatively interacts with protein synthesis.
- Parallel Hypertrophy: Type of myofibrillar hypertrophy increasing force and torque production.
- 100% Carbohydrate Utilization RQ: RQ representing 100% carbohydrate utilization.
- Hexokinase: The first allosteric enzyme that appears in glycolysis.
- Sodium-Potassium Pump: A transport protein maintaining resting membrane potential.
- Isometric Contraction: The only type of contraction without concentric and eccentric phases.
- Autophagy: The recycling system for the cell.
- A-band: A sarcomere segment that does not change length during contraction.
- Wingate Test: A common bike test estimating motor unit composition of legs.
- Sarcoplasm: The place in a cell where glycolysis takes place.
- Sodium: An influx of this ion responsible for action potential depolarization.
- Six Weeks: Minimum time to wait between fat loss assessments using field devices.
- Triad: A structure whose depolarization releases calcium into the sarcoplasm.
- Eccentric Contraction: The portion of contraction where individuals are strongest.
- Type I Muscle Fiber: A muscle fiber type higher in females in some muscles.
- Ligand-Gated Channel: ACh receptor located on the motor endplate.
- mTOR Pathway: A pathway that regulates protein synthesis.
- AKT Pathway: A pathway that stimulates protein synthesis in response to protein feeding.
- Type II Muscle Fiber: A muscle fiber type containing the greatest amount of glycolytic enzymes.
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Description
Test your knowledge on cardiac physiology with this crossword quiz. It covers key concepts such as myocardial workload, heart rate variability, and muscle fiber types. Perfect for students preparing for their final exams in health sciences or related fields.
