Podcast
Questions and Answers
What major reform movement emerged in the Philippines during the 1880s and 1890s?
What major reform movement emerged in the Philippines during the 1880s and 1890s?
- The National Freedom Movement
- The Economic Reform Initiative
- The Propaganda Movement (correct)
- The Liberation Campaign
Which president required hourly broadcasts of Original Pilipino Music (OPM) to promote Filipino arts?
Which president required hourly broadcasts of Original Pilipino Music (OPM) to promote Filipino arts?
- Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
- Fidel V. Ramos
- Joseph Estrada
- Corazon Aquino (correct)
What was the purpose of Corazon Aquino's Executive Order No. 118 in 1987?
What was the purpose of Corazon Aquino's Executive Order No. 118 in 1987?
- To promote OPM
- To launch the Fiesta Islands of Asia program
- To create the Presidential Commission on Culture and Arts (correct)
- To establish tourism programs
Which initiative was launched by the Department of Tourism under Corazon Aquino?
Which initiative was launched by the Department of Tourism under Corazon Aquino?
What significant event did the Philippines celebrate on June 12, 1998?
What significant event did the Philippines celebrate on June 12, 1998?
Who chaired the National Centennial Commission for the centennial celebration?
Who chaired the National Centennial Commission for the centennial celebration?
What was one of the outcomes of the influx of liberal ideas from Europe to the Philippines?
What was one of the outcomes of the influx of liberal ideas from Europe to the Philippines?
Which of the following was NOT a reason for the rise of Filipino nationalism?
Which of the following was NOT a reason for the rise of Filipino nationalism?
What was the aim of the Expo Pilipino project?
What was the aim of the Expo Pilipino project?
What format did radio stations adopt in 1998 under President Joseph Estrada?
What format did radio stations adopt in 1998 under President Joseph Estrada?
What directive did President Benigno Aquino III issue regarding radio broadcasts in 2010?
What directive did President Benigno Aquino III issue regarding radio broadcasts in 2010?
What was the response of the Manila Times editorial regarding the reporting on the Spratly Islands?
What was the response of the Manila Times editorial regarding the reporting on the Spratly Islands?
Why did National Book Store withdraw Chinese made globes from its shelves in 2013?
Why did National Book Store withdraw Chinese made globes from its shelves in 2013?
What was the significance of Executive Order No. 255 issued by Corazon Aquino?
What was the significance of Executive Order No. 255 issued by Corazon Aquino?
What reason did National Bookstore provide for pulling the globes off the shelves?
What reason did National Bookstore provide for pulling the globes off the shelves?
What was a notable feature of the masa format used in radio broadcasting?
What was a notable feature of the masa format used in radio broadcasting?
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Study Notes
Factors Contributing to Filipino Nationalism
- Opening of the Philippines to international trade and liberal European ideas spurred the growth of Filipino nationalism.
- The reform or propaganda movements in the 1880s and 1890s aimed to peacefully advocate for social, political, and economic changes.
Corazon Aquino's Cultural Initiatives
- In 1986, President Corazon Aquino mandated hourly broadcasts of Original Pilipino Music (OPM) on radio to promote Filipino culture.
- Notable artists like Regine Velasquez and Gary Valenciano supported the hour-long OPM broadcasts, enhancing cultural heritage.
- The tourism sector was encouraged under Aquino, launching "The Philippines: Fiesta Islands of Asia" program in 1989 to showcase natural wonders and preserve heritage.
Establishment of Cultural Institutions
- In 1987, Aquino signed Executive Order No. 118, creating the Presidential Commission on Culture and Arts.
- This was enacted into law as Republic Act 7356 in 1992, leading to the formation of the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCAA).
Independence Centennial Celebrations
- On June 12, 1998, the Philippines commemorated its centennial of independence from Spain.
- National celebrations were coordinated by the National Centennial Commission, headed by former Vice President Salvador Laurel, with events like Expo Pilipino celebrated at Clark Air Base.
Joseph Estrada's Media Initiatives
- President Joseph Estrada introduced the "masa" radio format in 1998, focusing on content that resonated with the masses, a term he popularized.
- Despite leaving office in 2001, the masa format continued to be widely adopted by radio stations.
Continued Promotion of Philippine Culture
- On August 14, 2010, President Benigno Aquino III reaffirmed Executive Order No. 255, mandating radio stations to play at least four OPM songs every hour.
Media and Territorial Integrity
- An April 13, 2012 editorial by Manila Times criticized Filipino news reporting on territorial disputes with China in the Spratly Islands, labeling unpatriotic those who described territories as "claimed" by the Philippines.
National Bookstore's Stand on Education Materials
- On February 14, 2013, National Book Store withdrew Chinese-made globes depicting the controversial nine-dotted line in the South China Sea, supporting the Philippine government’s territorial claims.
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