Filipino Nationalism Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What major reform movement emerged in the Philippines during the 1880s and 1890s?

The National Freedom Movement

The Economic Reform Initiative

The Propaganda Movement (correct)

The Liberation Campaign

Which president required hourly broadcasts of Original Pilipino Music (OPM) to promote Filipino arts?

Gloria Macapagal Arroyo

Fidel V. Ramos

Joseph Estrada

Corazon Aquino (correct)

What was the purpose of Corazon Aquino's Executive Order No. 118 in 1987?

To promote OPM

To launch the Fiesta Islands of Asia program

To create the Presidential Commission on Culture and Arts (correct)

To establish tourism programs

Which initiative was launched by the Department of Tourism under Corazon Aquino?

The Fiesta Islands of Asia Signup and view all the answers

What significant event did the Philippines celebrate on June 12, 1998?

The centennial year of independence from Spain Signup and view all the answers

Who chaired the National Centennial Commission for the centennial celebration?

Salvador Laurel Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the outcomes of the influx of liberal ideas from Europe to the Philippines?

Rise of Filipino nationalism Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT a reason for the rise of Filipino nationalism?

High levels of immigration Signup and view all the answers

What was the aim of the Expo Pilipino project?

To present the Philippines' growth as a nation over 100 years Signup and view all the answers

What format did radio stations adopt in 1998 under President Joseph Estrada?

Filipino language-based masa format Signup and view all the answers

What directive did President Benigno Aquino III issue regarding radio broadcasts in 2010?

To require original Filipino music in broadcasts Signup and view all the answers

What was the response of the Manila Times editorial regarding the reporting on the Spratly Islands?

Critiqued journalists for unpatriotic reporting on territorial claims Signup and view all the answers

Why did National Book Store withdraw Chinese made globes from its shelves in 2013?

To align with Philippine government foreign policy Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Executive Order No. 255 issued by Corazon Aquino?

It mandated original Filipino compositions in radio broadcasts Signup and view all the answers

What reason did National Bookstore provide for pulling the globes off the shelves?

They contained misinformation about territorial claims Signup and view all the answers

What was a notable feature of the masa format used in radio broadcasting?

It resonated with the Filipino masses and cultural identity Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Factors Contributing to Filipino Nationalism

Opening of the Philippines to international trade and liberal European ideas spurred the growth of Filipino nationalism.
The reform or propaganda movements in the 1880s and 1890s aimed to peacefully advocate for social, political, and economic changes.

Corazon Aquino's Cultural Initiatives

In 1986, President Corazon Aquino mandated hourly broadcasts of Original Pilipino Music (OPM) on radio to promote Filipino culture.
Notable artists like Regine Velasquez and Gary Valenciano supported the hour-long OPM broadcasts, enhancing cultural heritage.
The tourism sector was encouraged under Aquino, launching "The Philippines: Fiesta Islands of Asia" program in 1989 to showcase natural wonders and preserve heritage.

Establishment of Cultural Institutions

In 1987, Aquino signed Executive Order No. 118, creating the Presidential Commission on Culture and Arts.
This was enacted into law as Republic Act 7356 in 1992, leading to the formation of the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCAA).

Independence Centennial Celebrations

On June 12, 1998, the Philippines commemorated its centennial of independence from Spain.
National celebrations were coordinated by the National Centennial Commission, headed by former Vice President Salvador Laurel, with events like Expo Pilipino celebrated at Clark Air Base.

Joseph Estrada's Media Initiatives

President Joseph Estrada introduced the "masa" radio format in 1998, focusing on content that resonated with the masses, a term he popularized.
Despite leaving office in 2001, the masa format continued to be widely adopted by radio stations.

Continued Promotion of Philippine Culture

On August 14, 2010, President Benigno Aquino III reaffirmed Executive Order No. 255, mandating radio stations to play at least four OPM songs every hour.

Media and Territorial Integrity

An April 13, 2012 editorial by Manila Times criticized Filipino news reporting on territorial disputes with China in the Spratly Islands, labeling unpatriotic those who described territories as "claimed" by the Philippines.

National Bookstore's Stand on Education Materials

On February 14, 2013, National Book Store withdrew Chinese-made globes depicting the controversial nine-dotted line in the South China Sea, supporting the Philippine government’s territorial claims.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the factors that contributed to the birth of Filipino nationalism, including the impact of world trade, the emergence of the middle class, and European liberal ideas. Delve into the historical context of the late 19th century and the early reform movements in the Philippines.