File Management and Access Methods in Operating Systems
5 Questions
2 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of the user authentication mechanism?

  • To encrypt private information
  • To verify the identity of a user before granting access (correct)
  • To control access to resources
  • To provide a set of commands for the user
  • What does access control aim to prevent?

  • Unauthorized access to restricted resources (correct)
  • Reading of encrypted information
  • Interaction with the system
  • Execution of system calls
  • What does the command interpretation module primarily provide?

  • Encryption mechanisms
  • Graphical user interface
  • User interface for giving instructions (correct)
  • Access to system calls
  • In which type of user interface does a user interact by selecting icons or menu items?

    <p>Graphical User Interface (GUI)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of cryptography in internal security?

    <p>Encrypting private information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to Operating Systems

    • A computer system consists of user software, system software, hardware, and user applications.

    Definition of Operating System

    • An OS is a system software that manages all the system's hardware resources.
    • It provides users with an environment to use system resources and run their own applications.
    • The two primary objectives of an OS are to make a computer system convenient to use and manage the resources of a computer system.

    Logical Architecture of a Computer System

    • The operating system hides the details of the hardware from the programmer and provides a convenient interface for using the system.

    Specific Terms and Concepts

    • Batch systems: no user interaction
    • Multiprogramming: multiple programs loaded in memory
    • Time-sharing: each process receives slices of CPU time
    • Interactive systems: provides quick response to user's actions
    • Multi-user: distinction between users
    • Network OS: users aware of the existence of multiple computers
    • Distributed OS: looks like a traditional single-processor system

    Basic Tasks Performed by OS

    • Recognizing input from the keyboard
    • Sending output to the display screen
    • Keeping track of files and directories on the disk
    • Controlling peripheral devices such as printers

    Main Functions of an OS

    • Process management: creates, schedules, and destroys processes
    • Memory management: allocates and releases memory
    • File management: creates, reads, modifies, and removes files
    • Security
    • Command interpretation

    Process Management

    • A process is a program in execution
    • Process management manages the processes submitted to a system to minimize idle time of processors
    • Process Management Mechanisms in Early Systems:
      • Manual loading mechanism: jobs were manually loaded one after another in a computer by the computer operator
      • Batch processing mechanism: batch of jobs was submitted together to the computer and job-to-job transition was done automatically by the operating system
      • Job Control Language (JCL): control statements were used to facilitate job loading and unloading

    Memory Management

    • Memory is an important resource of a computer system that must be properly managed for the overall system performance
    • Memory management module:
      • Keeps track of parts of memory in use and parts not in use
      • Allocates memory to processes as needed and deallocates when no longer needed

    File Management

    • A file is a collection of related information
    • Every file has a name, data, and attributes
    • File's name uniquely identifies it in the system and is used by its users to access it
    • File's data is its contents
    • File's attributes contain information such as date & time of its creation, date & time of last access, date & time of last update, its current size, its protection features, etc.

    File Access Methods and Operations

    • File Access Methods:
      • Sequential access: information stored in a file can be accessed sequentially
      • Random access: information stored in a file can be accessed randomly
    • File Operations:
      • Set of commands provided by an operating system to deal with files and their contents
      • Typical file operations include create, delete, open, close, read, write, seek, get attributes, set attributes, rename, and copy

    Security

    • Deals with protecting the various resources and information of a computer system against destruction and unauthorized access
    • External security: deals with securing computer against external factors such as fires, floods, earthquakes, stolen disks/tapes, etc.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Learn about the file management module of an operating system, which involves structuring, accessing, naming, sharing, and protecting files. Explore two commonly supported file access methods: sequential access (accessing information in order) and random access (accessing information randomly).

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Browser