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Questions and Answers
What is the central importance of proper management in mass-storage management?
What is the central importance of proper management in mass-storage management?
What are some activities carried out by the operating system in mass-storage management?
What are some activities carried out by the operating system in mass-storage management?
What does the operating system do to provide a uniform view of information storage?
What does the operating system do to provide a uniform view of information storage?
What does tertiary storage include, and how does it need to be managed?
What does tertiary storage include, and how does it need to be managed?
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Why is proper management of mass-storage essential for computer operation?
Why is proper management of mass-storage essential for computer operation?
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What is the primary role of the operating system in mass-storage management?
What is the primary role of the operating system in mass-storage management?
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What is the responsibility of the I/O subsystem in an operating system?
What is the responsibility of the I/O subsystem in an operating system?
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What is the main purpose of protection in an operating system?
What is the main purpose of protection in an operating system?
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What is the purpose of security in an operating system?
What is the purpose of security in an operating system?
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What is the role of user identities (user IDs, security IDs) in an operating system?
What is the role of user identities (user IDs, security IDs) in an operating system?
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What is privilege escalation in the context of an operating system?
What is privilege escalation in the context of an operating system?
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What is the primary function of kernel data structures in an operating system?
What is the primary function of kernel data structures in an operating system?
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In a multitasking environment, why must one be careful to use the most recent value of a datum?
In a multitasking environment, why must one be careful to use the most recent value of a datum?
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What is the responsibility of an operating system with regard to hardware devices?
What is the responsibility of an operating system with regard to hardware devices?
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Why must a multiprocessor environment provide cache coherency in hardware?
Why must a multiprocessor environment provide cache coherency in hardware?
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What is one purpose of spooling in the I/O subsystem?
What is one purpose of spooling in the I/O subsystem?
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In a P2P distributed system, all nodes are considered peers and may each act as a client, server, or both.
In a P2P distributed system, all nodes are considered peers and may each act as a client, server, or both.
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A node in a P2P network must either register its service with a central lookup service or broadcast requests for service and respond to requests via a discovery protocol.
A node in a P2P network must either register its service with a central lookup service or broadcast requests for service and respond to requests via a discovery protocol.
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Virtualization allows operating systems to run applications within other OSes and is generally used when the source CPU type is different from the target type.
Virtualization allows operating systems to run applications within other OSes and is generally used when the source CPU type is different from the target type.
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Emulation is generally the fastest method for running applications when the computer language is not compiled to native code.
Emulation is generally the fastest method for running applications when the computer language is not compiled to native code.
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Virtualization involves OS natively compiled for CPU, running guest OSes also natively compiled, such as VMware running WinXP guests on a native WinXP host OS.
Virtualization involves OS natively compiled for CPU, running guest OSes also natively compiled, such as VMware running WinXP guests on a native WinXP host OS.
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The VMM (virtual machine Manager) provides virtualization services in a virtualized environment.
The VMM (virtual machine Manager) provides virtualization services in a virtualized environment.
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Cloud computing is a logical extension of virtualization because it does not use virtualization as the base for its functionality.
Cloud computing is a logical extension of virtualization because it does not use virtualization as the base for its functionality.
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Real-time embedded systems are a less prevalent form of computers compared to traditional OSes.
Real-time embedded systems are a less prevalent form of computers compared to traditional OSes.
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A hybrid cloud includes only public cloud components.
A hybrid cloud includes only public cloud components.
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In a real-time embedded system, processing must be done within well-defined fixed time constraints.
In a real-time embedded system, processing must be done within well-defined fixed time constraints.
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A VMM can only run natively if there is a general purpose host.
A VMM can only run natively if there is a general purpose host.
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Operating systems made available in source-code format rather than just binary closed-source are part of the copy protection and Digital Rights Management (DRM) movement.
Operating systems made available in source-code format rather than just binary closed-source are part of the copy protection and Digital Rights Management (DRM) movement.
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Software as a Service (SaaS) delivers computing, storage, and apps as a service across a network.
Software as a Service (SaaS) delivers computing, storage, and apps as a service across a network.
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Cloud computing environments are composed only of traditional OSes.
Cloud computing environments are composed only of traditional OSes.
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Platform as a Service (PaaS) provides servers or storage available over the Internet.
Platform as a Service (PaaS) provides servers or storage available over the Internet.
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Public cloud computing resources are only available via the company's own network for internal use.
Public cloud computing resources are only available via the company's own network for internal use.
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Study Notes
Mass-Storage Management
- Proper management of mass-storage is essential for computer operation to ensure efficient and reliable data storage and retrieval.
- The operating system plays a central role in mass-storage management by performing activities such as:
- Managing disk space allocation and deallocation
- Handling file organization and retrieval
- Providing a uniform view of information storage
- Tertiary storage includes devices such as tapes and optical disks, which require management to ensure data is safely stored and can be retrieved when needed.
Operating System Roles
- The primary role of the operating system in mass-storage management is to provide a uniform view of information storage.
- The operating system is responsible for managing hardware devices and providing a layer of abstraction between the user and the hardware.
- The I/O subsystem is responsible for managing input/output operations between devices and the operating system.
Security and Protection
- The main purpose of protection in an operating system is to ensure that resources are accessed and used in a controlled and authorized manner.
- The purpose of security in an operating system is to prevent unauthorized access, use, or malicious modification of system resources.
- User identities (user IDs, security IDs) are used to authenticate and authorize users to access system resources.
- Privilege escalation occurs when a user or process gains unauthorized access to higher-level privileges.
System Architecture
- In a multitasking environment, it is essential to use the most recent value of a datum to avoid data inconsistencies.
- Kernel data structures are used to manage system resources and implementing system policies.
- In a multiprocessor environment, cache coherency is necessary to ensure that data is consistent across all processors.
Distributed Systems
- In a P2P distributed system, all nodes are considered peers and may act as clients, servers, or both.
- Nodes in a P2P network must register their services with a central lookup service or broadcast requests for service and respond to requests via a discovery protocol.
Virtualization and Cloud Computing
- Virtualization allows operating systems to run applications within other OSes, often used when the source CPU type is different from the target type.
- Emulation is generally used to run applications when the computer language is not compiled to native code.
- Virtualization involves running guest OSes natively compiled on a host OS.
- Cloud computing is a logical extension of virtualization, providing computing, storage, and apps as a service across a network.
- Platform as a Service (PaaS) provides servers or storage available over the Internet.
- Software as a Service (SaaS) delivers computing, storage, and apps as a service across a network.
Real-Time Embedded Systems
- Real-time embedded systems are a type of computer system that require processing within well-defined fixed time constraints.
- They are often used in applications where timely processing is critical, such as control systems or robotics.
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Description
Test your knowledge of operating system file-system management, including concepts such as files, directories, access control, and OS activities like creating and deleting files and directories.
