Fiber Production and Uses in Textiles
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Questions and Answers

What is the botanical name for Sisal?

Agave sisalana

What is the main purpose of decortication?

To scrape away the non-fibrous tissues from plant fibers, leaving only the fibers behind.

Which of the following are examples of primary leaf fibers?

  • Cotton
  • Jute
  • Abaca (correct)
  • Sisal (correct)

What are the basic elements of a protein molecule?

<p>Carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

Natural fibers are generally more hydrophilic than synthetic fibers.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of jute fiber?

<p>Fabric packaging for agricultural and industrial commodities</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the process used to extract fibers from leaves?

<p>Decortication</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name given to a type of plant fiber that is mainly used for cordage?

<p>Leaf fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Abaca is a type of seed fiber.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the natural man-made substance that is significantly longer than wide?

<p>Fiber</p> Signup and view all the answers

Coir fiber is a type of bast fiber.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why cotton is considered an important crop?

<p>It is the world's most important textile fiber crop.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process of fiber extraction is the same for all types of fibers.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fiber is commonly used in the manufacture of ropes, twine, and nets?

<p>New Zealand flax</p> Signup and view all the answers

All-natural fibers are non-thermoplastic, meaning that they do not soften when heated.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main types of cotton genomes?

<p>A-genome and AD-genome</p> Signup and view all the answers

Regenerated synthetic fibers are also known as semi-synthetic fibers.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of fiber in the world?

<p>Cotton</p> Signup and view all the answers

Soluble fiber can help lower cholesterol levels.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between bast fibers and leaf fibers?

<p>Bast fibers are obtained from the inner bark of a plant, while leaf fibers are obtained from the vascular bundles of leaves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The quality of fiber depends largely on its moisture content.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are natural fibers often preferred over synthetic fibers in hot and humid climates?

<p>Natural fibers are often more comfortable to wear in hot and humid climates because they are breathable and allow for better air circulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of silk?

<p>The larvae of moths</p> Signup and view all the answers

All natural fibers have the same affinity for water.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why natural fibers are good sweat absorbents?

<p>They have an affinity for water and can absorb moisture from the skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The quality of fiber is determined solely by the type of plant or animal source.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Synthetic fibers are always cheaper to produce than natural fibers.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between soluble and insoluble fiber?

<p>Soluble fiber dissolves in water, while insoluble fiber does not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Natural Fiber

Fibers produced by geological processes, or from plants or animals.

Vegetable Fiber

Fibers from plants, used in various products.

Seed Fiber (Cotton)

Fibers from seeds; most important textile fiber crop globally.

Leaf Fiber

Tough, rigid plant fiber used for rope, primarily.

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Abaca (Manila Hemp)

Leaf fiber from banana plant, for rope, fabrics.

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Piña

Philippine fiber from pineapple plant leaves, used for textiles.

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Sisal

Stiff fiber from agave plant, used for rope, twine.

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New Zealand Flax

Fiber from Phormium tenax plant, used for various crafts.

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Coir Fiber

Fiber from coconut husk, inexpensive and useful.

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Jute

Bast fiber from Corchorus plant, used for sacks, bags.

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Animal Fiber

Fibers from animals.

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Wool

Animal fiber from sheep, used in clothing.

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Silk

Animal fiber from silkworms' cocoons.

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Mineral Fiber

Fibers from rocks or minerals.

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Asbestos

Mineral fiber resistant to heat, used in insulation.

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Man-Made Fiber

Fibers produced through industrial processes.

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Regenerated Fiber

Semi-synthetic fibers, modified naturally-sourced polymers.

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Synthetic Fiber

Fibers from petrochemicals, strong and durable.

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Soluble Fiber

Fiber that dissolves in water to form a gel.

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Insoluble Fiber

Fiber that doesn't dissolve, promotes bowel health.

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Fiber Extraction

Process of separating fibers from plants/animals.

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Decortication

Process of removing non-fibrous parts from plants.

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Study Notes

Learning Objectives

  • Discuss common fiber-yielding plants and their uses
  • Understand fiber importance in the textile industry
  • Discuss economic/social impacts on local communities and environment
  • Demonstrate fiber extraction from plants

Course Outline

  • Natural Fibers
    • Vegetable
      • Seed
      • Fruit
      • Bast
    • Animal
    • Mineral
  • Man-made Fibers
    • Regenerated
    • Synthetic
    • Inorganic
  • Fiber Types
  • Fiber Importance
  • Extraction Process

Fibers

  • Fiber is a long, thin substance, significantly longer than wide.
  • Often used in materials like those containing carbon fibers and high-molecular-weight polyethylene
  • Natural fibers are made from plants or animals, sometimes for composite materials or sheets like paper/felt
  • Earliest examples of fiber use include wool and flax, dated back to 36,000 years ago
  • Natural fibers are better for comfort and are better at absorbing sweat while being more degradable.

Natural Fibers

  • Vegetable Fibers
    • Leaf Fibers (e.g., cordage): Tough, rigid fibers used for rope, typically high in lignin content. Examples:
      • Abaca (Manila Hemp) – source of lustrous fibers, often a material for textiles.
      • Piña – plant fiber from pineapple leaves (lace-like textiles)
      • Sisal – another important leaf fiber used for rope/matting, harvested from plants.
    • Seed Fibers (e.g., cotton): Examples of softer, lightweight, comfortable fibers
      • Cotton: Most important textile fiber crop globally.
  • Animal Fibers (e.g., wool): Made from animals like sheep.
  • Mineral Fibers (e.g. Asbestos): Naturally occurring fibrous minerals, resistant to heat and corrosion

Fiber Extraction

  • Methods vary depending on the type of fiber
  • Process of decortication (for leaf fibers) involves scraping or removing non-fibrous plant parts.
  • Plants sometimes are manually handpicked.
  • Additional processes may involve combing/sorting.

Additional Details

  • Clothing made of natural fibers is often preferred in hot, humid climates.
  • Fibers are sometimes extracted prior to fabric production.

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Description

Explore the world of fibers through this quiz, focusing on both natural and man-made fibers and their applications in the textile industry. Understand the extraction processes and the socio-economic impacts of fiber production on communities and the environment. Perfect for anyone interested in the science and industry of textiles.

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