10 Questions
What was the main basis of Feudalism in Europe?
Landowning, loyalty, and power of knights on horseback
Who gave estates to nobles that fought for him in Europe during the Middle Ages?
Charles Martel
What happened when Charlemagne’s empire collapsed in Europe?
Landowning nobles gained the right to collect taxes and impose laws
What was the main role of a vassal in the feudal system?
To serve the lord of higher rank
What did knights fight on during feudal times?
Horseback
What was a vassal who fights for his lord known as?
Knight
What type of armor did knights typically wear during feudal times?
Chainmail
What was the main expectation in the Japan feudal system towards the Samurai and Shogun?
"Follow chivalry rules"
"Stirrups" were mainly used for:
"Knights on horses"
"Crop rotations" during feudal times helped to:
"Increase soil fertility"
Study Notes
Development of Feudalism
- Originated in Europe during the Middle Ages, based on landowning, loyalty, and the power of knights on horseback
- Charles Martel granted estates to nobles who fought for him, leading to a new way of organizing society that spread across Europe
Feudal Structure
- Europe divided into many feudal territories, with lords and vassals
- Nobles held dual roles as both lords and vassals
- Vassals swore an oath of loyalty to their lord, serving in their army and receiving land (fief) in return
Knights and Fiefs
- Knights fought on horseback, wearing coats of mail armor made of metal links
- Fief: land granted to a vassal, governed by the vassal
The Manorial System
- Lands on fiefs were called manors, ruled by the lord
- Peasants: free men who paid fees to nobles to farm land
- Serfs: tied to the manor, unable to leave, own property, or marry without approval
- Serfs worked 3 days/week for the lord and the rest for themselves, gave a portion of crops to the lord, and paid for using mill, bread oven, and wine press
Inventions and Technology
- Stirrups: invented for knights on horses
- Mills powered by water, used to grind grain
- Windmills: used for pumping water, grinding grains, and cutting wood
- Crop rotations: kept soil fertile
Code of Chivalry
- Became the guide to good behavior, influencing modern ideas about manners
- Emphasized charity, respect towards women of noble birth, honor, and honesty
Test your knowledge on the development and key features of feudalism in Europe during the middle ages. Learn about the roles of knights, nobles, and peasants in this social system that shaped medieval society.
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