Fertilization Process

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following substances does not require active transport across the placenta?

  • Nicotine
  • Iron
  • Amino acids
  • Oxygen (correct)

When does the placenta take over the endocrine function from the corpus luteum?

  • Weeks 12-17 (correct)
  • Weeks 28-30
  • Weeks 6-10
  • Weeks 20-24

What is the significance of the hormone relaxin during pregnancy?

  • It stimulates protein synthesis
  • It inhibits contractions
  • It stimulates ovulation
  • It loosens the pelvis and dilates the cervix (correct)

What is the approximate increase in daily caloric intake required during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy?

<p>300 calories (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the physiological response that occurs about 2 days before labor, indicating the onset of childbirth?

<p>A plug of mucus covering the cervix is expelled (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the hormone oxytocin during labor?

<p>To intensify contractions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the fusion of the sperm and oocyte nuclei during fertilization?

<p>A cell with half genetic material from the mother and half from the father (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are millions of sperm killed during fertilization?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of capacitation in sperm?

<p>To prepare the sperm for fertilization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two layers that surround the oocyte?

<p>Corona radiata and zona pellucida (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the acrosomal reaction during fertilization?

<p>The release of enzymes that help the sperm penetrate the oocyte's layers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fertilization membrane?

<p>A barrier that prevents further sperm penetration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of the zygote and associated membranes moving to the uterus?

<p>Conceptus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of hCG during implantation?

<p>To maintain the health of the corpus luteum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the primitive excertory duct that will become part of the urinary bladder?

<p>Alantois (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which the embryo develops from a flat sheet of cells to a cylindrical shape?

<p>Embryonic folding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the foramen ovale and ductus arterioles in the infant's circulation?

<p>To adjust circulation after birth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of brown fat in the newborn infant?

<p>To regulate body temperature (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of prolactin in lactation?

<p>To establish and maintain the supply of breast milk (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of colostrum secreted in the first 72 hours after birth?

<p>A small amount of milk with high levels of immunoglobulins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the expression of an individual's genotype?

<p>Phenotype (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an individual who carries a recessive gene that can be passed on to their offspring?

<p>Carrier (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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