22 Questions
Which of the following substances does not require active transport across the placenta?
Oxygen
When does the placenta take over the endocrine function from the corpus luteum?
Weeks 12-17
What is the significance of the hormone relaxin during pregnancy?
It loosens the pelvis and dilates the cervix
What is the approximate increase in daily caloric intake required during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy?
300 calories
What is the physiological response that occurs about 2 days before labor, indicating the onset of childbirth?
A plug of mucus covering the cervix is expelled
What is the purpose of the hormone oxytocin during labor?
To intensify contractions
What is the result of the fusion of the sperm and oocyte nuclei during fertilization?
A cell with half genetic material from the mother and half from the father
Why are millions of sperm killed during fertilization?
All of the above
What is the purpose of capacitation in sperm?
To prepare the sperm for fertilization
What are the two layers that surround the oocyte?
Corona radiata and zona pellucida
What is the result of the acrosomal reaction during fertilization?
The release of enzymes that help the sperm penetrate the oocyte's layers
What is the fertilization membrane?
A barrier that prevents further sperm penetration
What is the term for the process of the zygote and associated membranes moving to the uterus?
Conceptus
What is the purpose of hCG during implantation?
To maintain the health of the corpus luteum
What is the term for the primitive excertory duct that will become part of the urinary bladder?
Alantois
What is the term for the process by which the embryo develops from a flat sheet of cells to a cylindrical shape?
Embryonic folding
What is the primary function of the foramen ovale and ductus arterioles in the infant's circulation?
To adjust circulation after birth
What is the primary function of brown fat in the newborn infant?
To regulate body temperature
What is the role of prolactin in lactation?
To establish and maintain the supply of breast milk
What is the composition of colostrum secreted in the first 72 hours after birth?
A small amount of milk with high levels of immunoglobulins
What is the term for the expression of an individual's genotype?
Phenotype
What is the term for an individual who carries a recessive gene that can be passed on to their offspring?
Carrier
Understand the process of fertilization, including how sperm and oocyte combine, the formation of a zygote, and the obstacles that sperm face. Learn about the role of acidity, cervical mucus, and phagocytic leukocytes in fertilization.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
