32 Questions
What is the result when a haploid sperm cell joins with a haploid ovum?
A diploid zygote
Why do most sperm cells die during fertilization?
Due to the acidic environment
What is the purpose of capacitation in sperm cells?
To allow the sperm to penetrate the oocyte
What happens to the plasma membrane of the oocyte after a sperm cell joins with it?
It depolarizes
What is the function of the slow block during fertilization?
To block subsequent sperm entry
What is the result when two oocytes are released and fertilized?
Fraternal twins
What is the duration of the gestation period?
270 days
During what stage of gestation is the offspring called an embryo?
Weeks 3-8
What is the normal weight gain during the second and third trimesters?
1 lb per week
What is the purpose of the trophoblasts in the blastocoel?
To form the placenta
What is the name of the hormone that prevents uterine contraction during pregnancy?
Progesterone
Why does morning sickness occur?
Due to the decrease in peristalsis caused by high progesterone levels
What is the purpose of an episiotomy?
To avoid tearing of the posterior vaginal wall
What is the name of the condition where the placenta covers the opening to the cervix?
Placenta previa
What is the role of progesterone in pregnancy?
To decrease peristalsis and cause morning sickness
What is the purpose of the yolk sac during embryonic development?
To provide nutrients and blood cells to the embryo
During what weeks does the placenta develop?
Weeks 4-12
What is the desirable position of the baby during birth?
Head down facing posterior
What is the name of the process where the membranes wrap around each other to form a 3-dimensional structure?
Embryonic folding
What is the name of the process by which the uterus returns to its original size after birth?
Involution
What is the average weight of a newborn baby?
5.5-8.8 lbs
What is the purpose of the APGAR score?
To assess the baby's overall health
What is the name of the hormone that helps to loosen ligaments at the hip joint and dilate the cervix?
Relaxin
What is the composition of breast milk in the first 3 days postpartum?
High in immunoglobulin
What is the effect of breastfeeding on prolactin levels?
It increases prolactin levels
Why do babies have a hard time regulating their body temperature?
Because they have a high surface-to-volume ratio
What happens to breast milk during a feeding?
It changes consistency
How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?
23
What is the term for a person's outward appearance and behavior?
Phenotype
What is the term for a copy of a gene?
Allele
What is an example of a recessive gene that is not a genetic disorder?
O blood type
What is the term for having one X chromosome instead of two?
Turner syndrome
Learn about the process of fertilization, including the journey of sperm cells, capacitation, and the role of the oocyte. Discover how sperm cells survive and thrive in the female reproductive system.
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