Ferdinand Magellan's Circumnavigation
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Questions and Answers

What was the primary goal of Magellan's expedition?

  • To find an alternate route to the Pacific Ocean (correct)
  • To discover new territories for Portugal
  • To establish a new trade route to Asia
  • To locate a navigable passage from the Atlantic to the Indian Ocean

    • Which ship served as Magellan's flagship during the expedition?

  • San Antonio
  • Victoria
  • Trinidad (correct)
  • Concepción

    • What significant geographic feature did Magellan's fleet discover on October 21, 1520?

  • The Panama Canal
  • The Bering Strait
  • The Strait of Magellan (correct)
  • The Cape of Good Hope

    • What major challenge did Magellan face with his crew during the expedition?

    <p>Internal mutiny among Spanish captains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Magellan respond to the mutiny at Port St.Julian?

    <p>He executed or marooned the ringleaders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What issue arose due to Magellan's Portuguese origins among his crew?

    <p>Tensions due to national loyalties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happened to the San Antonio during the voyage?

    <p>It deserted and returned to Spain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which king approved Magellan's expedition plans?

    <p>King Charles I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant event occurred on April 14, 1521 in Cebu?

    <p>Baptism of King Humabon and his people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which item did Magellan gift to King Raia Colambu?

    <p>A red-and-yellow Turkish-style garment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of Magellan proposing a 'casi casi' ceremony with Raia Colambu?

    <p>To strengthen their alliance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the response of the locals upon seeing Magellan's fleet arrive in Cebu?

    <p>They were alarmed and frightened</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symbolized the friendship and alliance between Magellan and King Humabon?

    <p>Blood Pact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Magellan's actions impact the cultural exchange in the Philippines?

    <p>Brought European goods and Christianity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event led to Magellan's death on April 27, 1521?

    <p>Battle of Mactan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the local resources mentioned as abundant in the islands?

    <p>Gold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the objective of Magellan's voyage?

    <p>To find a westward route to the Spice Islands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ship was considered the flagship of Magellan's fleet?

    <p>Trinidad</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant event occurred during the crew's winter at Port St. Julian?

    <p>Magellan suppressed a mutiny</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major geographical feature did Magellan discover?

    <p>The Strait of Magellan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hardships did the crew face during the Pacific Ocean crossing?

    <p>Scurvy and starvation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following locations did the fleet reach first after leaving the Atlantic Ocean?

    <p>Rio de Janeiro, Brazil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the fate of the Santiago during the expedition?

    <p>It was wrecked during a scouting mission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which indigenous people did the fleet encounter upon arriving in Guam?

    <p>Chamorro</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary significance of Ferdinand Magellan's expedition?

    <p>It was the first European expedition to circumnavigate the globe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event marked the end of Magellan's leadership during the expedition?

    <p>His death in the Battle of Mactan.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did Antonio Pigafetta play during the expedition?

    <p>He documented the journey and its events.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After Magellan's death, under whose command did the remaining expedition members continue?

    <p>Juan Sebastián Elcano.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the final destination of Magellan's expedition?

    <p>Spain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What challenges did the crew face after Magellan's death?

    <p>Diseases and food shortages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many ships returned to Spain from the original expedition?

    <p>One ship.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the outcomes of Magellan's alliances with local rulers in the Philippines?

    <p>Introduction of Christianity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary goal of Magellan's expedition?

    <p>To find a westward sea route to the Spice Islands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ruler led the defense of Manila against the Spanish invasion in 1570?

    <p>Rajah Sulayman</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of Legazpi's expedition compared to Magellan's?

    <p>Both expeditions were pivotal for future Spanish colonization efforts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who completed the Magellan-Elcano circumnavigation after Magellan's death?

    <p>Juan Sebastián Elcano</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following ships was the flagship of Magellan’s fleet?

    <p>Trinidad</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What vital supplies were found in the Spice Islands that attracted explorers?

    <p>Spices like cloves and nutmeg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of Tupas' negotiations with the Spanish?

    <p>It facilitated the first Spanish settlement in Cebu</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following details was NOT associated with Legazpi’s expedition?

    <p>Facing significant hardship at sea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Ferdinand Magellan and the First Circumnavigation of the Globe

    • Main objective: Finding a westward route to the Spice Islands (Moluccas)
    • Sponsored by: King Charles I of Spain
    • Fleet: Armada de Molucca
    • Start Date: September 20, 1519
    • Departure Point: Seville, Spain
    • Ships: Trinidad (flagship), San Antonio, Concepción, Victoria, Santiago
    • Crew: Around 270 men
    • Challenges: Mutiny at Port St.Julian, harsh conditions, and Portuguese spies
    • Key Discovery: The Strait of Magellan, discovered on October 21, 1520
    • First to Cross the Pacific: Magellan's fleet was the first European expedition to cross the Pacific Ocean.
    • First European contact with the Philippines: 1521
    • Death of Magellan: April 27, 1521, in the Battle of Mactan during a conflict against the chief of Mactan, Lapu-Lapu
    • Completion of the Circumnavigation: The Victoria completed the journey in 1522, captained by Juan Sebastián Elcano.

    Key Figures

    • Ferdinand Magellan (1480–1521): Portuguese explorer leading a Spanish expedition, responsible for the first European expedition to reach the Philippines in 1521.
    • Antonio Pigafetta (c. 1491–c. 1531): Italian chronicler and explorer, documented Magellan's expedition.
    • Juan Sebastián Elcano (1486–1526): Spanish explorer, completed the circumnavigation after Magellan's death.

    Route Highlights

    • Canary Islands (1519): Fleet stopped here for supplies before crossing the Atlantic.
    • South America (1519): Magellan's fleet reached the coast of South America after a lengthy transatlantic journey.
    • Winter in Port St.Julian, Argentina (1520): Crew spent winter here, where Magellan suppressed a mutiny, and the Santiago was wrecked.
    • Discovering the Strait of Magellan (1520): Passage between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, named after Magellan.
    • Pacific Ocean Crossing (1520-1521): The fleet endured scurvy and starvation during this long crossing.
    • Arrival in Guam (1521): Fleet landed in Guam, encountering the Chamorro people.

    Philippines: Encounters and Alliances

    • Meeting King Raia Colambu (March 29, 1521): Gift exchange, Magellan proposes a "casi casi" (brotherhood) to strengthen their alliance.
    • Arrival in Cebu (April 1521): Fleet arrived with banners and cannons: initial alarm, Magellan's interpreter assured locals of friendliness.
    • Diplomatic Relations with Cebu: Magellan aims for trade, not tribute. Blood pact with King Humabon strengthens alliance.
    • Religious Conversion and Conflict (April 14, 1521): King Humabon and people baptised as Christians, marking the spread of Christianity in Cebu.
    • Conflict with Lapu-Lapu: Lapu-Lapu refused Spanish rule. Magellan engaged in the Battle of Mactan on April 27, 1521, where he was killed.

    Spain: Returning From the Circumnavigation

    • Cape of Good Hope → Spain (Completion of Circumnavigation ): The Victoria, captained by Juan Sebastián Elcano, returned to Spain from the Cape of Good Hope in 1522.

    Key Takeaways:

    • Cultural Exchange: Magellan brought Christianity, European goods, and customs, while the crew learned about local resources, trade, and practices.
    • Diplomacy: Magellan fostered alliances with local kings through gift exchanges, friendship pacts, and religious ceremonies.
    • First Mass in the Philippines: Introduction of Christianity.
    • Conflict: Resistance foreshadowed future opposition to Spanish colonization efforts.

    Spanish Colonization of the Philippines

    • Miguel Lopez de Legazpi (1502-1572): Led the Spanish expedition that successfully established permanent colonization of the Philippines in 1565.
    • Major objective: Establishing Spanish rule and control over the islands.
    • Key Events: Founding of settlements, defeating local rulers, and setting the stage for over 300 years of Spanish rule.

    Comparison of Expeditions

    • Magellan's Voyage (Exploration): Focused on exploration and finding a westward route to the Spice Islands. Introduced initial contact with the Philippines, but did not result in immediate colonization.
    • Legazpi's Voyage (Colonization): Focused on establishing Spanish colonial rule over the Philippines. Successful in founding settlements, defeating local rulers.
    • Both expeditions: Significant in shaping the history of the Philippines. Magellan opened the door for future Spanish ventures, and Legazpi completed the process of colonization.

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    Ferdinand Magellan's Voyage (1519) PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge about Ferdinand Magellan and his historic journey to circumnavigate the globe. Discover the challenges faced by his fleet, key discoveries, and significant events including his death in the Philippines. This quiz will cover essential details about the expedition sponsored by King Charles I of Spain.

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