Female Reproductive System Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of the ovaries in the female reproductive system?

Produce and store sperm

Transport ova to the uterus

Facilitate implantation of the zygote

Store and produce ova and hormones (correct)

Which hormonal changes occur during ovulation?

FSH levels increase, leading to more follicle maturation

Estrogen stimulates the growth of the endometrial lining

LH is released, causing follicle rupture and ovum release (correct)

Progesterone is the primary hormone released

What is a characteristic of an ectopic pregnancy?

Development of multiple zygotes

Implantation in the fallopian tube (correct)

Surgical intervention is not required

Normal implantation in the uterus

Which part of the uterus extends into the vagina?

Cervix Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the fimbriae in the female reproductive system?

Guide the ovum from the ovary to the fallopian tube Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is primarily responsible for milk secretion following childbirth?

Prolactin Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of the menstrual cycle does the uterine lining prepare for potential implantation?

Luteal Phase Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the labia in the female reproductive system?

Surround and protect the vaginal opening Signup and view all the answers

What role does progesterone play after fertilization of the ovum?

It prevents further ovulation and maintains the uterine lining. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following glands adds alkaline secretion to semen?

Bulbourethral Gland Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the corpus luteum if no embryo is formed?

It dissolves and progesterone levels decrease. Signup and view all the answers

Which structure connects the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct?

Vas Deferens Signup and view all the answers

What condition is characterized by endometrial tissue growing in areas outside the uterus?

Endometriosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the prostate gland in the male reproductive system?

To enhance sperm movement by secreting a watery fluid Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is associated with Menorrhagia?

Heavy or prolonged bleeding Signup and view all the answers

What role does the foreskin play in relation to the penis?

Serves as a protective covering for the glans Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Female Reproductive System

Ovaries: Primary sex organs, almond-sized, located in the lower abdominal cavity
Function: Produce ova (eggs) and female sex hormones (estrogen and progesterone)
Graafian follicles: Microscopic sacs in the ovaries containing maturing eggs. One follicle matures roughly every 28 days.
Ovulation: Release of a mature ovum from the ovary.
Fallopian Tubes: Four inches long, not attached to ovaries, serve as the site of fertilization. Smooth muscle and cilia aid in moving the ovum.
Ectopic Pregnancy: Implantation of a fertilized egg in the fallopian tube.
Uterus: Hollow, pear-shaped, muscular organ; fundus, body, cervix. Layers include the peritoneum, myometrium, and endometrium.
Vagina: Receives sperm and serves as the birth canal; smooth muscles with mucous membrane lining.
Breast (Mammary Glands): Accessory glands stimulated by prolactin to produce milk after childbirth.
External Genitalia (Vulva): Labia, perineum, clitoris

Menstrual Cycle

Cycle Length: Typically 28 days.
Four Stages:
- Follicular Stage: FSH stimulates follicle growth and estrogen release, thickening the uterine lining (about 10 days).
- Ovulation Stage: LH triggers release of the mature ovum (day 14).
- Luteal Stage: Corpus luteum secretes progesterone. Maintains uterine lining if fertilization occurs; lasts 14 days.
- Menstruation Stage: If no fertilization, corpus luteum dissolves, progesterone levels drop, uterine lining sheds (3-6 days).

Male Reproductive System

Testes: Produce sperm (spermatozoa) and testosterone. Located in the scrotum.
Seminiferous Tubules: Within testes, where sperm development occurs.
Epididymis: Stores mature sperm.
Vas Deferens: Carries sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct.
Seminal Vesicles: Secrete fluid to nourish sperm.
Ejaculatory Duct: Connects vas deferens to urethra.
Prostate Gland: Surrounds the urethra; secretes fluid that enhances sperm movement.
Bulbourethral Glands (Cowper's Glands): Add alkaline secretion to semen.
Penis: Contains erectile tissue and urethra (used for urine and semen).

Reproductive Disorders

Cervical Cancer: Can be caused by HPV.
Endometriosis: Endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus.
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID): Often caused by STIs, can cause scarring of fallopian tubes.
Toxic Shock Syndrome: Bacteria overgrowth (staph) related to prolonged tampon use.
Yeast Infections: Common in females, often due to antibiotic use.
Menstrual Cycle Issues:
- Amenorrhea: Absence of menstruation.
- Dysmenorrhea: Menstrual cramps.
- Menorrhagia: Heavy or prolonged bleeding.
- Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS): Possible symptoms before menstruation.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the female reproductive system, including the anatomy and functions of the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina. This quiz will cover important topics such as ovulation and ectopic pregnancies to enhance your understanding of female biology.