Feedback Types and Group Decision Making

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Questions and Answers

What characterizes negative, destructive feedback?

It encourages further exploration of the idea.

It builds on the strengths of the proposal.

It provides an explanation for why the idea is bad.

It tells the receiver their idea is bad without explanation. (correct)

Which feedback type starts with a positive statement but ultimately leads to a negative critique?

'Yeah, but ...' (correct)

'No, because ...'

'Yes, and ...'

'No' feedback.

What does 'Yes, and ...' feedback aim to achieve?

It dismisses the proposal completely.

It aims to point out only the flaws of the idea.

It seeks to identify the strengths and build upon them. (correct)

It provides a harsh critique to improve the idea.

According to the given content, what is often a drawback of groups making decisions?

They sometimes make very poor decisions. Signup and view all the answers

Which approach is suggested to encourage better learning when providing feedback?

Ask how to improve the idea rather than criticize it. Signup and view all the answers

Which feedback type is characterized by providing the correct answer after pointing out a mistake?

'No, because ...' Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of negative feedback in collaborative settings?

It leads to a breakdown in collaboration. Signup and view all the answers

What concept does 'appreciative inquiry' relate to in feedback?

Building on strengths to promote development. Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of justifying one's actions after apologizing?

It is seen as a denial of the apology. Signup and view all the answers

Which phrase should be avoided in an effective apology?

I regret how you feel. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason to avoid the word 'but' in an apology?

It shifts the focus from the apology. Signup and view all the answers

Why is asking for forgiveness rarely effective?

It puts pressure on the injured party. Signup and view all the answers

What can diminish the value of an apology?

Repeatedly making the same mistake. Signup and view all the answers

What type of lie can be considered a 'white lie'?

A selfless lie where only the other person benefits. Signup and view all the answers

What must accompany an honest apology to be truly valuable?

A promise to change behavior. Signup and view all the answers

Why do people tend to lie in specific situations?

To avoid conflict or discomfort. Signup and view all the answers

What is the anchor point in Social Judgement Theory?

A basic preferred attitude that is resistant to change. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is likely to lead to a long-term change of opinion according to Social Judgement Theory?

Room for manoeuvre. Signup and view all the answers

What challenge does ego involvement present in changing opinions?

It complicates the decision-making process by intertwining personal feelings. Signup and view all the answers

What is one effective strategy for apologizing?

Using 'I' sentences to take on personal responsibility. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best aligns with the concept of the anchor point in Social Judgement Theory?

A strong anchor makes it difficult to accept opposing views. Signup and view all the answers

What role does 'room for manoeuvre' play in the context of opinion change?

It provides flexibility to consider other viewpoints without completely altering their anchor. Signup and view all the answers

Why might a person change their opinion on a sensitive issue like the death penalty?

If their personal experiences strongly conflict with their existing views. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is least likely to influence a person's deeply ingrained attitudes?

Short-term emotional reactions. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern of Harold D. Lasswell's model when analyzing communication?

The effects of media on audience perception. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of media analysis, what does the term 'control analysis' refer to?

Understanding the sender's motives and affiliations. Signup and view all the answers

According to Uses and Gratifications Theory, how does media consumption occur?

As an active and voluntary decision. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does the 'audience analysis' focus on in Lasswell's model?

The specific group of people the message is targeting. Signup and view all the answers

What does the question 'which channel?' in Lasswell's formula aim to analyze?

The costs and origins of the media channel used. Signup and view all the answers

What does the escalation of marketing and PR tactics suggest about communication in media?

They may rely on manipulation to enhance appeal. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common outcome of media presentation that utilizes manipulation and exaggeration?

An increase in audience skepticism and questioning. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'effect analysis' in Lasswell's model aim to determine?

The overall impact of the message on the audience. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of intercultural communication?

Understanding cultural contexts in communication Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes linear-active communicators?

They are polite but direct, and value the written word. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes multi-active communicators?

They engage in emotional expression and multitasking. Signup and view all the answers

Which group is described as reactive in communication?

Japanese, Chinese, and Koreans Signup and view all the answers

How does Richard D. Lewis categorize cultural communication styles?

Into three main types: linear-active, multi-active, and reactive Signup and view all the answers

What did Jean Piaget refer to as 'egocentric speech'?

The unselfconscious babbling of children Signup and view all the answers

Which type of self-talk is commonly used to improve concentration?

Thinking aloud Signup and view all the answers

In which context do multi-active communicators conduct their conversations?

They juggle multiple tasks and enjoy emotional expression. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Four Types of Feedback

Negative, destructive feedback: Simply stating an idea is bad, without an explanation or alternative, rarely changes behaviour.
Negative, constructive feedback: Telling someone they are wrong and then giving them the right answer.
Positive, destructive feedback: Starting with positive aspects of an idea and then criticizing it, providing a contrary opinion.
Appreciative response: Identifying a positive aspect of a proposal and building upon it. This aligns with "appreciative inquiry" which emphasizes focusing on strengths and potential rather than weaknesses.

Group Decision Making

While group decision-making is often celebrated, groups can sometimes make poor decisions.
Cultural differences in communication:
- Linear-active: common in Western Europe and the USA, direct, focused on facts, and prefer written communication.
- Multi-active: common in Mediterranean and Saudi Arabia, emotional, prioritize spoken communication, and can multitask.
- Reactive: common in Japan, China, and Korea, indirect, prioritize face-to-face communication, and defer to authority.
- Hybrid cultures exist, like India, which combines reactive and multi-active traits.
To effectively adapt to different cultures, one needs to understand "intercultural communication" focusing on communication style rather than just content.

Self-Talk and Motivation

There are two types of self-talk:
- Egocentric speech: Unconscious babbling (like children playing) or thinking aloud. Piaget deemed it as cognitive immaturity, but it can be used to organize thoughts and improve focus.
- Inner dialogue: Internal conversation with oneself, impacts our thoughts and actions.

Persuasion and Opinion Change

Social Judgement Theory explains how people are persuaded:
- Anchor point: Our fundamental, deeply ingrained opinion, resistant to change.
- Room for manoeuvre: Acceptable alternative opinions, which can lead to long-term opinion changes.
- Ego involvement: Personal experiences and emotions can influence the strength of the anchor point.

Apologizing Effectively

To effectively apologize and gain forgiveness:
- Use "I" sentences: Take full responsibility by admitting, "I'm sorry I hurt your feelings."
- Don't justify your actions: Justifications negate the apology. Instead, provide an explanation without being defensive.
- Avoid "but" sentences: These undermine the sincerity of the apology.
- Don't ask for forgiveness: People dislike being put in the position of granting forgiveness.
- Change your behaviour: Apologies are meaningless without commitment to change and making amends.

Types of Lies

Lies can be categorized based on who benefits:
- White lie: Only the person lied to benefits, an altruistic lie intended to protect someone's feelings.
- Self-serving lie: The person telling the lie benefits, such as in self-promotion or manipulation.

Analysing (Fake) News

Lasswell's model provides a framework to analyze (fake) news:
- Who: The sender, their motives, and alliances.
- What: The message's content and underlying intent.
- Which: The chosen channel, its purpose, and cost.
- To whom: The specific audience and the sender's reason for targeting them.
- With what effect: Audience reaction and its implications for the sender.

Media Consumption and The Uses and Gratifications Theory

People actively choose what media they consume for their own purpose.
This theory focuses on how people use media, rather than how media influences them.

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Description

Explore the four types of feedback: negative, constructive, positive, and appreciative. Discover the nuances of group decision-making and how cultural communication styles impact group dynamics. This quiz will enhance your understanding of effective feedback and decision-making processes.