Fecal Occult Blood Tests Techniques

A COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT (CBC) measures the cells that make up the blood; RBC, WBC and ______ - part of routine check

WBC help fight infection. Normal range is 4,500 - 10,000 cells per microliter(cells/mcL). Low count may indicate infection, high count may indicate an increase reaction to drug that increases blood production or a disease of ______ marrow

RBC deliver oxygen through your body. High RBC count may indicate kidney disease, heart problem, etc. Normal values: 4.5 million – 5.9 million cells/mcl for men, and 4.1 million – 5.1 million cells/mcl for ______

Hb or Hgb (hemoglobin) is a protein in the blood that holds the oxygen. Normal range for men is 14-17.5 grams per deciliter (gm/dL) and for women is 12.3 – 15.3 ______

Hct (hematocrit) measures how much of blood is comprised of RBC. Normal range for men is 41.5 – 50.4% and for women is 36.9% - 44.6%. Low levels may indicate too little iron or ______

Urinalysis is a test of urine. Its examination provides valuable clues about the functioning of the human body, including kidney function, nutrition, metabolic function, and certain systemic diseases. Urine is the most frequently collected specimen. Urinalysis can provide information about the status of kidney function, nutrition, metabolic function and certain systemic disease. The method of urine collection depends on the type of test, client's age, medical condition, and ability to void. For pediatric/infant patients, a ______ method is used for urine collection.

Guaiac paper is sensitive in detecting fecal blood content - Tablet contains solid form of developing solution - Tap water dissolves hematest tablet and thus dispenses developing solution over specimen and guaiac paper. Bluish discoloration is ______.

Open cardboard flap and Apply 2 drops of hemoccult developing solution on each box at guaiac paper. Read results 30-60 seconds. Bluish discoloration indicates occult blood. No changes in color indicates ______ results.

Normally a person loses a small amount of blood daily in the feces as a result of minor abrasions of the nasopharengeal or oral mucosa. If greater than 50 ml of blood enters the feces from the upper GIT, the blood can be visualized as ______.

Test is a useful diagnostic tool for conditions such as colon cancer, upper gastrointestinal ulcers, and localized gastric intestinal irritation. Medical aseptic technique should be followed during collection of any stool specimen. Feces contain a variety of microorganisms that can be easily transmitted if specimens are handled ______.

X-ray Medical x-rays are used to generate images of tissues and structures inside the body. Most common form: x-ray radiography, used to detect or diagnose bone fractures, infections (pneumonia), calcifications (kidney stones), some tumors, bone loss (osteoporosis), dental issues, heart problem (congestive heart failure), foreign objects ______.

Do not read after 2 minutes—false finding may occur. Normally a person loses a small amount of blood daily in the feces as a result of minor abrasions of the nasopharengeal or oral mucosa. If greater than 50 ml of blood enters the feces from the upper GIT, the blood can be visualized as ______.

Tested for type and amount of routine constitutes like WBC, RBC, protein, and bacteria Finding- may lead to additional urine testing or other types of diagnostic testing. This type of testing may include ________ testing.

Some tests for renal function and urine composition require urine to be collected over 2-24 hours. The most common time collection period is ________ hours.

Allow for the measurement of elements such as amino acid, creatinine, hormones, glucose, and adenocorticosteroids whose levels change over time. Time collection can also provide a means to measure the concentration and dilution of urine. This type of collection is known as ________ urine specimen.

Midstream urine specimen/clean-voided.middle portion Drops of urine are placed on a special medium to determine if bacteria is present. Sensitivity testing reveals the ________ that be effective against microorganisms.

Physical Properties of Urine: Color is caused partly by presence and amount of bile products, medications such as antibiotics. The color of urine is normally translucent (clear not cloudy), yellow or amber; due to the presence of ________ (bile pigment altered in the intestines during digestion).

Specific gravity of urine ranges from 1.001 – 1.035 depending on the total amount of solute. Specific gravity is a measure of the ________ of urine.